{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:25:48Z","timestamp":1788269148536,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,16]],"date-time":"2006-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1160956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intra\u2010amniotic infection, diagnosed by microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and\/or the presence of intra\u2010amniotic inflammation (IAI), is related to adverse perinatal outcome in women with preterm labor. Due to the subclinical nature of IAI, a correct diagnosis depends on amniocentesis, which is an invasive method not performed as a clinical routine. The aim of this study was to evaluate if cervical length measured by transvaginal sonography could assist in the identification of women at high risk for IAI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cervical length was assessed by transvaginal sonography in 87 women with singleton pregnancies in preterm labor (&lt; 34 weeks of gestation). Cervical (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 87) and amniotic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 55) fluids were collected. Polymerase chain reactions for Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis, and culture for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, were performed. Interleukin (IL)\u20106 and IL\u20108 were analyzed by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>IAI was present in 25\/55 (45%) of the patients presenting with preterm labor who underwent amniocentesis. Women with IAI had a significantly shorter cervical length (median, 10 (range, 0\u201334) mm) than had those without IAI (median, 21 (range, 11\u201343) mm) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). Receiver\u2013operating characteristics curve analysis showed that a cervical length (cut\u2010off of 15 mm) predicted IAI (relative risk, 3.6; CI, 1.9\u201310.0) with a sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 83%, positive predictive value of 78% and negative predictive value of 78%. Cervical length was also significantly associated with preterm birth up to 7 days from sampling and at \u2264 34 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cervical length assessed by transvaginal sonography predicts IAI as well as preterm birth and could thereby be a useful clinical tool in the management of patients in preterm labor. Copyright \u00a9 2006 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,17]],"date-time":"2006-10-17T05:58:29Z","timestamp":1161064709000},"page":"768-774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Cervical length in women in preterm labor with intact membranes: relationship to intra\u2010amniotic inflammation\/microbial invasion, cervical inflammation and preterm delivery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"R.\u2010M.","family":"Holst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Jacobsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Hagberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.\u2010B.","family":"Wennerholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1066"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1714"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90409-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-199203000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00047.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70432-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870190204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"172","article-title":"Measurement of cervical length in pregnancy: comparison between vaginal ultrasonography and digital examination","volume":"76","author":"Sonek JD","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1998.11010071.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.893"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.892"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1998.12020086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2002.00703.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7692.2001.525.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1998.12050312.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602293340904"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"554","article-title":"Ultrasonographic examination of the uterine cervix is better than cervical digital examination as a predictor of the likelihood of pretmature delivery in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes","volume":"24","author":"Gomez R","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7692.2001.00526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.10.624"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2005.00708.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00594-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(00)01146-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2001.00199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2005.00771.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/145.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","article-title":"Prophylactic corticosteroids for preterm birth","volume":"2","author":"Crowley P","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117680"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.104207"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; 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