{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:35:16Z","timestamp":1791333316743,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,8]],"date-time":"2006-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify important factors in the differential diagnosis of renal cysts associated with hyperechogenic kidneys.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective multicenter study. We identified 93 fetuses presenting between 1990 and 2002 with hyperechogenic kidneys and which had a diagnosis of nephropathy confirmed later. We analyzed retrospectively the prenatal ultrasound findings of those fetuses which were found sonographically to have renal cysts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 93 fetuses presenting with hyperechogenic kidneys and with a later diagnosis of nephropathy, there were 28 with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), 31 with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), 11 with Bardet\u2013Biedl syndrome, nine with Meckel\u2013Gruber syndrome, six with Ivemark II syndrome, one with Jarcho\u2013Levin syndrome, one with Beemer syndrome and one with Meckel\u2010like syndrome. One third of the fetuses (30\/93) had renal cysts. Cystic characteristics (size, location, number) were not very useful for diagnosis; more useful was diagnosis of an associated malformation. Three (11%) of the fetuses with ADPKD had cysts, as did nine (29%) of those with ARPKD, three (27%) of those with Bardet\u2013Biedl syndrome, all (100%) of those with Meckel\u2013Gruber syndrome, three (50%) of those with Ivemark II syndrome, and each of the three cases with other syndromes (Jarcho\u2013Levin, Beemer and Meckel\u2010like syndromes). None of the cases with trisomy 13 had cysts. There were no associated malformations in the 12 cases with renal cysts and polycystic kidney disease; the other 18 cases with renal cysts were associated with malformations that were often specific, such as polydactyly in Bardet\u2013Biedl and Beemer syndromes, occipital defect and Dandy\u2013Walker malformation in Meckel\u2013Gruber or Meckel\u2013Gruber\u2010like syndromes, and thoracic and\/or vertebral abnormalities in Jarcho\u2013Levin and Beemer syndromes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Renal cysts associated with hyperechogenic kidneys are not rare. The clue to diagnosis is the demonstration of an associated malformation. If no malformation is found, the main diagnosis remains polycystic kidney disease, i.e. ARPKD or ADPKD. Copyright \u00a9 2006 ISUOG. 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