{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:09:18Z","timestamp":1791306558610,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]],"date-time":"2007-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To establish the normal range of the frontomaxillary facial (FMF) angle at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective study, three\u2010dimensional (3D) volumes of the fetal head were obtained from 500 pregnancies before fetal karyotyping by chorionic villus sampling (CVS), after screening by fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness and maternal serum free \u03b2\u2010human chorionic gonadotropin (\u03b2\u2010hCG) and pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein\u2010A (PAPP\u2010A) at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks. Only cases with a normal karyotype were included in this study. The FMF angle was measured off\u2010line. In a subgroup of 150 cases the FMF angle was measured using 2D ultrasound before obtaining a 3D volume. In 50 cases the 3D volumes were used to measure the FMF angle by the same examiner twice and by another examiner once.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean FMF angle decreased with crown\u2013rump length (CRL) from 84.3\u00b0 at CRL 45 mm to 76.5\u00b0 at CRL 84 mm. There was no significant association between the FMF angle and fetal NT or serum PAPP\u2010A or \u03b2\u2010hCG. In the volumes with paired measurements, the difference between two measurements by the same or two sonographers was &lt; 5% in 95% of the cases. In the cases with paired 3D and 2D ultrasound measurements, the difference in FMF angles was &lt; 8% in 95% of the cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks the FMF angle decreases with fetal CRL but is not related to fetal NT or serum biochemistry. The measurement is reproducible and the results obtained by 3D and 2D ultrasound are similar. Copyright \u00a9 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]],"date-time":"2007-08-30T07:46:22Z","timestamp":1188459982000},"page":"737-741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Frontomaxillary facial angle in chromosomally normal fetuses at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Borenstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Persico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Kaihura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Sonek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. H.","family":"Nicolaides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.10.891"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)11280-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1999.13040231.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3907"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.819"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1860"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fuog.5134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.5134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T08:51:23Z","timestamp":1696668683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/uog.5134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/uog.5134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.5134","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7692","1469-0705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7692","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-05-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-08-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}