{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:58:07Z","timestamp":1786978687991,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]],"date-time":"2008-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp;amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the natural history of cervical length shortening in women who had experienced at least one prior spontaneous preterm birth at between 17 + 0 and 33 + 6 weeks' gestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was an analysis of prerandomization data from the multicenter Vaginal Ultrasound Cerclage Trial. Serial cervical length was measured by transvaginal sonography in 1014 high\u2010risk women at 16 + 0 to 22 + 6 weeks. We performed survival analyses in which the outcome was cervical length shortening &lt; 25 mm and data were censored if this did not occur before 22 + 6 weeks' gestation. The incidence of cervical length shortening and the time to shortening were compared for women whose earliest prior preterm birth was in the mid\u2010trimester, defined as &lt; 24 weeks, vs. those at weeks 24\u201333. Similar comparisons were performed based on each patient's most recent birth history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Time to cervical length shortening by survival analysis was significantly shorter (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.2,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and the relative risk (RR) of shortening significantly higher (\n                      <jats:italic>RR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.8,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) for women whose earliest prior spontaneous preterm birth was at &lt; 24 weeks. A larger effect was observed for women whose most recent birth was at &lt; 24 weeks (\n                      <jats:italic>HR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2.8,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001;\n                      <jats:italic>RR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2.1,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). The observed hazard ratios remained significant after adjusting for confounders in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with a prior spontaneous preterm birth at &lt; 24 weeks are at a higher risk of cervical shortening, and do so at a higher rate and at an earlier gestational age, than do women with a later preterm birth history. Copyright \u00a9 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]],"date-time":"2008-12-12T04:39:25Z","timestamp":1229056765000},"page":"70-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Timing of mid\u2010trimester cervical length shortening in high\u2010risk women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"J. M.","family":"Szychowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Hankins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Iams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Sheffield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Perez\u2010Delboy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Berghella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. A.","family":"Wing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. R.","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3753"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807303390506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000275287.08520.4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.01.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.11.1340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70259-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200002000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91469-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21771.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602293340904"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00386-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.093","article-title":"Racial disparity in the frequency of recurrence of preterm birth","volume":"196","author":"Kista ZAF","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70544-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","unstructured":"Anonymous.American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.Cervical Insufficiency. Practice bulletin Number 48. November 2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.118655"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.118163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.06.054"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fuog.6283","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.6283","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T12:31:52Z","timestamp":1696681912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/uog.6283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/uog.6283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.6283","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7692","1469-0705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7692","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-10-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-12-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}