{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T15:53:06Z","timestamp":1792252386049,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether coached maternal pushing using transperineal ultrasound (TPUS)\u2010guided visual biofeedback, performed by midwives, reduces the duration of the second stage of labor and affects the mode of delivery in nulliparous women receiving epidural analgesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a single\u2010center randomized controlled trial of nulliparous women with a singleton term pregnancy with an estimated fetal weight of 2500\u20134000\u2009g, who were in the active stage of labor and were receiving epidural analgesia, conducted between May 2021 and August 2024. Consenting participants were assigned randomly to one of two groups: the study group (sonographic\u2010coaching group), who were coached using TPUS\u2010guided visual biofeedback, or the control group (traditional\u2010coaching group), who were coached using the traditional vaginal technique. Coached maternal pushing with TPUS\u2010guided visual biofeedback\u00a0included a demonstration of the direction of effective pushing by visualizing the real\u2010time downward movement of the fetal head on a television screen in front of the woman. Coaching sessions were conducted following epidural administration during the active stage of labor and after the diagnosis of complete cervical dilatation, with an additional session conducted if delivery had not occurred within 2\u2009h after complete cervical dilatation. Coaching was led exclusively by midwives, with no involvement of obstetricians. Outcomes were compared between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 327 women were randomized and included, comprising 168 women in the sonographic\u2010coaching group and 159 in the traditional\u2010coaching group. Demographic and baseline characteristics, including maternal body mass index and rates of labor induction and oxytocin use, were similar in both groups. The second stage of labor was significantly shorter in the sonographic\u2010coaching group compared with the traditional\u2010coaching group (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD, 107\u2009\u00b1\u200959\u2009min\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      132\u2009\u00b1\u200971\u2009min;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). The sonographic\u2010coaching group also showed lower rates of second\u2010degree or higher perineal tears (65.4%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      77.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020) and intrapartum fever (8.9%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      16.4%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.043). Other secondary outcomes, including neonatal birth weight and 5\u2010min Apgar score, did not differ significantly between the groups. No significant differences were observed in the mode of delivery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coached maternal pushing using TPUS\u2010guided visual biofeedback, performed by midwives, significantly reduced the duration of the second stage of labor and the incidence of second\u2010degree or higher perineal tears and intrapartum fever. Larger studies are warranted to further assess its impact on delivery outcome. \u00a9 2026 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.70351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T15:29:33Z","timestamp":1792250973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of ultrasound\u2010guided visual biofeedback performed by midwives on duration of second stage of labor: randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7751-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Avrahami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kaplan Medical Center  Rehovot Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem 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