{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:12:26Z","timestamp":1791839546244,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,26]],"date-time":"2022-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/M003949\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/M003949\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Anthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) is increasing globally, and farmers are encouraged to adopt sustainable control measures.\n                      <jats:italic>Haemonchus contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is increasingly reported in the UK, potentially complicating effective GIN control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) were conducted on 13 farms in north Devon, England, UK in 2016. Relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was quantified using peanut agglutinin staining and used to estimate faecal egg count reduction percentages (FECR%) using the eggCounts R package.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On average, farms had GIN resistance to three anthelmintic classes. No farms had susceptibility to all anthelmintics tested. AR was more prevalent in 2016 than on the same farms in 2013.\n                      <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was present on 85% of the farms tested and comprised on average 6% (0%\u201352%) of GIN eggs before treatment. Resistance or suspected resistance to all anthelmintics tested was observed in this species on different farms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results demonstrate diversity of AR profiles on farms, apparent progression of AR within a 3\u2010year period, and challenges detecting AR in mixed\u2010species infections. Where possible, interpretation of mixed\u2010species FECRT should take into account the relative abundance of species pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment to identify pragmatic treatment options targeting individual genera.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.1531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,26]],"date-time":"2022-03-26T15:53:54Z","timestamp":1648310034000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Increasing resistance to multiple anthelmintic classes in gastrointestinal nematodes on sheep farms in southwest England"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6681-2162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie","family":"Bull","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike J.","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Torch Farm &amp; Equine Vets South Molton  Devon UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Rose Vineer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Present address: Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5999-7728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric R.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast  Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"176","article-title":"Widespread anthelmintic resistance in European farmed ruminants: a systematic review","volume":"546","author":"Rose H","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2004.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Efficacy of macrocyclic lactone treatments in sheep in the UK","volume":"653","author":"Stubbings","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2020062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"AbbottKA TaylorM StubbingsLA.SCOPS sustainable worm control strategies for sheep. 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