{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T07:51:47Z","timestamp":1790581907859,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) causes chronic reproductive disease in cattle. This study aimed to apply a combined serological\u2010molecular testing protocol under field conditions for diagnosing BGL in cows with gestational losses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three beef herds with reproductive failures were studied, and 60 cows\u00a0with gestational losses (20 from each herd) were randomly selected for laboratory diagnosis of BGL. In addition, 40 cows with normal pregnancy were included as a control. Blood samples were collected from all 100 cows for microscopic agglutination testing, and cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) samples were collected from 28 cows with gestational losses and 20 control cows for\n                      <jats:italic>lip<\/jats:italic>\n                      L32\u2010PCR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All herds had high\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      seroreactivity (&gt;65%), mainly against serogroup Sejroe. Ten of the 28 CVM samples from cows with gestational losses were PCR\u2010positive, while all samples from the control group were negative (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Unfortunately, the positive samples did not amplify in\n                      <jats:italic>sec<\/jats:italic>\n                      Y\u2010PCR for nucleotide sequencing, which would allow the identification of leptospiral strains.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serology was sufficient to indicate leptospirosis at the herd level, but the definitive diagnosis of BGL was only possible using CVM PCR. Although seroreactivity against serogroup Sejroe has been associated with gestational losses, this is the first study to conduct CVM PCR as a confirmatory test for BGL diagnosis in extensive beef herds under field conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.3309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T00:31:24Z","timestamp":1694565084000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Field application of a combined serological\u2010molecular testing protocol for diagnosing genital leptospirosis in naturally infected cows with gestational losses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Luiza","family":"Aym\u00e9e","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University  Niter\u00f3i Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Azael","family":"Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Practitioner  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael P\u00e9rez","family":"Escalona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Practitioner  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Palhares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University  Niter\u00f3i Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9882-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Isabel Nogueira","family":"Di Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University  Niter\u00f3i Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Lilenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University  Niter\u00f3i Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12643"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Animal Leptospirosis","volume":"387","author":"Ellis WA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-022-03235-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21451\/1984-3143-AR2019-0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2021.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-015-0954-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2022.109413"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"864","article-title":"Leptospira spp. in naturally infected dairy cow from a Brazilian border region","volume":"21","author":"Gon\u00e7alves DD","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-013-9582-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2009000700013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2014.03.002"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vetr.3309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T11:31:09Z","timestamp":1761651069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vetr.3309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vetr.3309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vetr.3309","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-4900","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"article-number":"e3309"}}