{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T14:13:49Z","timestamp":1783952029259,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide importance. This study describes the clinical findings and outcome of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis in England.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Retrospective review of medical records of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis from a single referral hospital located in Eastern England.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Thirty\u2010eight dogs met the inclusion criteria. Clinical signs included inappetence (76%), vomiting (68%), lethargy (58%), polydipsia and polyuria (18%) and abdominal pain (16%). Disease manifestations included hepatic and renal involvement (47%), hepatic only (37%), renal only (16%); no dogs were found to have respiratory involvement. Clinicopathological findings at presentation included anaemia (42%), thrombocytopenia (43%), increased alanine transaminase activity (ALT) (66%), hyperbilirubinemia (55%), azotaemia (68%), hypoalbuminaemia (49%) and glucosuria (32%). Seven serovars of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira kirschneri were<\/jats:italic>\n                    detected; the most prevalent was Copenhageni (48%). Seventy\u2010one percent survived to discharge. Dogs in the non\u2010surviving group had a higher creatinine at presentation compared to survivors (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.02).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Copenhageni was the most prevalent serovar in this population. This supports the use of a vaccine including this serovar, in this region. Renal involvement was associated with reduced survival to discharge. A hepatic only form was common in this population, and leptospirosis should be included as a differential diagnosis for dogs suffering with a hepatopathy. No cases had significant pulmonary involvement, but ongoing clinical vigilance for this disease manifestation is essential.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T03:27:33Z","timestamp":1622777253000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Clinical findings in dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis in England"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"189","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8413-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals, Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom  Cambridgeshire UK"},{"name":"Southfields Veterinary Specialists 1 Bramston Way  Basildon Essex UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals, Laboratory, Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom  Cambridgeshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8645-178X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Tappin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals, Small Animal Internal Medicine Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom  Cambridgeshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(03)00026-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110707242"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.220.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12328"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1107.041172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12273"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.29.1.30-33.1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Cell aggregation: a mechanism of pathogenic Leptospira to survive in fresh water","volume":"7","author":"Trueba G","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.216.371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12718"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0585.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1992.tb00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15340"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c4965"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.101333"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2007.00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Recent advances in canine leptospirosis: focus on vaccine development","volume":"6","author":"Adler B","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Med (Auckl)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0416"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcs145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)11019-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2008.00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2002.36245"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809990902"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109985"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","unstructured":"HM Government.Zoonoses report UK. 2020.https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/765111\/UK_Zoonoses_report_2017.pdf. 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