{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:49:47Z","timestamp":1777574987074,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761436800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sepsis diagnosis relies on the assessment of systemic conditions and blood cultures. Although the analysis of multiple blood culture sets improves the positivity rate in people, evidence supporting the use of multiple sets in dogs and cats remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective observational study, anonymised data from feline and canine blood culture testing performed at a commercial laboratory in Japan were analysed. Positivity rates were calculated for one\u2010 and two\u2010set blood cultures and compared using a sensitivity analysis, assuming contamination rates ranging from 0% to 100%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The positivity rates in dogs for the one\u2010set (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1274) and two\u2010set (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 842) tests were 20.9% and 19.2%, respectively. This difference was significant only when false positives constituted 50% or more of the results. The proportions of cats in the one\u2010set (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 69) and two\u2010set (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 34) tests were 47.8% and 91.2%, respectively. The two\u2010set tests in cats consistently showed significantly better positivity rates than the one\u2010set tests, regardless of the number of false positives.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective study, and differences in processes between submitting veterinary practices may have affected the results obtained. Furthermore, no clinical data were available for the sampled animals, which limits the conclusions that can be drawn.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In dogs, the positivity rate of blood cultures was approximately 20% regardless of whether a one\u2010set or two\u2010set test was performed.\u00a0However, in cats, a two\u2010set blood culture increased the positivity rate by approximately 50 percentage points, reaching nearly 90%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.5486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T04:51:07Z","timestamp":1761540667000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the effectiveness of a two\u2010set approach for improving blood culture positivity rates in dogs and cats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"198","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2244-4107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuya","family":"Kimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Health Technology Yamazaki University of Animal Health Technology  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences &amp; \u014cmura Satoshi Memorial Institute Kitasato University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9399-909X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzo","family":"Tsuyuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences &amp; \u014cmura Satoshi Memorial Institute Kitasato University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4131-2062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences &amp; \u014cmura Satoshi Memorial Institute Kitasato University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387231164095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1301018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"Principles and procedures for blood cultures","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards 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