{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:55:50Z","timestamp":1792223750888,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vaginal prolapse affects lambing ewes, usually before parturition. Prevalence is variable but may reach 10% in severely affected flocks. The prolapse is usually managed on\u2010farm without veterinary intervention. Welfare concerns were highlighted around 20 years ago around specific management practices, but these have not been re\u2010examined since. The aim of this study was to explore how farmers manage vaginal prolapses in their lambing ewes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional online study was circulated among UK sheep farmers between 11 June and 1 August 2025, collecting information regarding the lambing season 2024\u20122025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 127 responses were obtained. The median flock size was 200 (interquartile range [IQR] 50\u2012554). The median prevalence of vaginal prolapse was 1.7% (IQR 0.7%\u20123.6%, range 0%\u201220.1%). Only 13 (10.2%) reported calling in a veterinary surgeon for treatment of vaginal prolapse. Most respondents reported they always or usually washed the prolapse before replacement (81\/93, 87.1%), gave non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (65\/93, 69.9%), used a retention harness (74\/93, 79.6%) and gave antimicrobials (58\/93, 62.44). Six (6.5%) respondents admitted suturing the vulva without local anaesthetic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Responses may have been affected by social desirability bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While vaginal prolapse is well managed on many farms, education around antimicrobial use, pain relief and retention methods should be provided by veterinarians to improve animal welfare and antimicrobial stewardship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.70967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T04:59:32Z","timestamp":1784609972000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["On\u2010farm management of vaginal prolapse in ewes: A cross\u2010sectional survey of UK sheep farmers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"199","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1220-5690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Stavisky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Board Support Team VetPartners  York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Rigby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cross Counties Farm Vets  Northamptonshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharminda","family":"Lockwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westpoint Farm Vets  Ashford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"The prolapsing ewe | Autumn 2022 | Sheep Notes newsletter | Newsletters | Support and resources | Agriculture Victoria [Internet]. [cited 2025 Sep 16]. Available from:https:\/\/agriculture.vic.gov.au\/support\u2010and\u2010resources\/newsletters\/sheep\u2010notes\u2010newsletter\/autumn\u20102022\/the\u2010prolapsing\u2010ewe"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/inpract.11.5.215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2014.925788"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vrc2.375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.128.9.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1956.33219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"Step\u2010by\u2010step guide to dealing with vaginal prolapse in sheep. Farmers Weekly [Internet]. [cited 2025 Jan 13]. Available from:https:\/\/www.fwi.co.uk\/livestock\/husbandry\/livestock\u2010lambing\/step\u2010step\u2010guide\u2010dealing\u2010vaginal\u2010prolapse\u2010sheep"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Incidence of bearings [vaginal prolapse] in ewes that had a bearing at the preceding lambing","volume":"60","author":"Litherland AJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc N Z Soc Anim Prod"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600017838"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2004.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani3030629"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.120.24.571"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12030319"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"RobertsJN.Vaginal and cervical prolapse in cattle and sheep\u2014reproductive system\u2014MSD veterinary manual [Internet].2021[cited 2026 Mar 17]. Available from:https:\/\/www.msdvetmanual.com\/reproductive\u2010system\/prolapses\u2010of\u2010the\u2010reproductive\u2010tract\/vaginal\u2010and\u2010cervical\u2010prolapse\u2010in\u2010cattle\u2010and\u2010sheep#Treatment_v52500554"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"McCarterP.NADIS\u2014treatment of vaginal and cervical prolapse in cattle and sheep [Internet].2019[cited 2026 Mar 17]. Available from:https:\/\/nadis.org.uk\/disease\u2010a\u2010z\/sheep\/lambing\/lambing\u2010part\u20103\u2010vaginal\u2010and\u2010uterine\u2010prolapse\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.46.3.598"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vetr.70967","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vetr.70967","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vetr.70967","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:41:30Z","timestamp":1792172490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vetr.70967"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vetr.70967"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vetr.70967","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-4900","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]}}}