{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:00:48Z","timestamp":1790748048101,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the prophylactic efficacy of administering an ophthalmic ointment containing erythromycin and colistin (EC ointment) after racing to prevent post\u2010race keratitis in Thoroughbred racehorses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of post\u2010race keratitis following turf and dirt races was compared between treatment groups (non\u2010ointment group: eye flushing only; ointment group: eye flushing and application of EC ointment) and between two randomly assigned groups (non\u2010antimicrobial group: application of ophthalmic white petrolatum; antimicrobial group: application of EC ointment).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After turf races, the incidence of post\u2010race keratitis was significantly higher in the non\u2010ointment group (6.25%; 63\/1008) than in the ointment group (0.55%; 53\/9659) and in the non\u2010antimicrobial group (8.18%; 13\/159) than in the antimicrobial group (0%; 0\/152). In contrast, after dirt races, no significant differences were found between the non\u2010ointment (0.56%; 8\/1420) and ointment (0.53%; 53\/9986) groups, or between the non\u2010antimicrobial (1.87%; 4\/214) and antimicrobial (1.41%; 3\/213) groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microbiological and cytological testing was limited, and the pathogenesis of post\u2010race keratitis remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EC ointment effectively reduced the incidence of post\u2010race keratitis after turf races, but not after dirt races. Although the findings suggest bacterial involvement in the pathogenesis of post\u2010turf\u2010race keratitis, further microbiological and cytological testing is warranted to confirm this.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.71221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:33:26Z","timestamp":1790746406000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of erythromycin and colistin ophthalmic ointment on post\u2010race keratitis in Thoroughbred racehorses"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5098-4073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ueshiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Racehorse Hospital Ritto Training Center Japan Racing Association  Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division Equine Research Institute Japan Racing Association  Tochigi Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidekazu","family":"Niwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Division Equine Research Institute Japan Racing Association  Tochigi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Iimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Racehorse Hospital Ritto Training Center Japan Racing Association  Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division Equine Research Institute Japan Racing Association  Tochigi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinjiro","family":"Kurimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Racehorse Hospital Ritto Training Center Japan Racing Association  Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"252","volume-title":"Equine ophthalmology","author":"Brooks DE","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00767.x","article-title":"Ulcerative keratitis in thoroughbred racehorses in Japan from 1997 to 2008","volume":"13","author":"Wada S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Racing related eye injuries in Thoroughbred horses in Singapore: risk factors and strategies for management","volume":"26","author":"Steel CM","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aust Equine Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Incidence, treatment, outcome and complications of racing\u2010related corneal injuries in Thoroughbred horses","volume":"27","author":"Steel CM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust Equine Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12587","article-title":"Identification of bacteria and fungi sampled from the conjunctival surface of normal horses in South\u2010East Queensland, Australia, Australia","volume":"22","author":"Hampson ECGM","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.tb05630.x","article-title":"Therapy of equine infectious keratitis: a review","volume":"42","author":"Clode AB","year":"2010","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104990","article-title":"Bacterial and fungal isolates from 107 cases of ulcerative keratitis in Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses (2017\u20132021)","volume":"133","author":"Uchida\u2010Fujii E","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis for corneal abrasion","volume":"5","author":"Algarni AM","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases Control Division Health Service Bureau Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare.Manual of antimicrobial stewardship.1sted.2017. 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