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Genes encoding vancomycin resistance were studied by multiplex\u2010PCR, and susceptibility to six antibiotics was evaluated by disk\u2010diffusion method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 107\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. isolates were obtained and confirmed by biochemical and molecular tests.\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the prevailing species (56 isolates of 107; 52.3%), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>E. hirae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (24 isolates; 22.4%) and\n                      <jats:italic>E. gallinarum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (12 isolates; 11.2%). Of the 107 recovered isolates, 44% harboured at least a type of\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes.\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      A,\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      C2\/3 and\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      C1 were identified in 34 (31.7%), 13 isolates (12.1%) and 4 (3.7%) isolates respectively. Additionally, four isolates (\n                      <jats:italic>E. gallinarum, E. rafinosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) co\u2010harboured the the\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      A and\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      C1 or\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      A and\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      C2\/3.\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus hirae<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains with the\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      A genotype were the most frequent\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010carrying enterococci from ostrich faecal samples. Among\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010carrying enterococcal isolates, 23.4% were phenotypically resistant to vancomycin. This study revealed a relatively high prevalence (44%) of\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010carrying enterococci in ostrich faecal samples.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results of the present study suggest that ostrich faeces could be considered as a reservoir of vancomycin resistance genes, especially\n                      <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n                      A containing enterococci that could be potentially transferred to human through the food chain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T09:53:25Z","timestamp":1669974805000},"page":"226-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Molecular detection and occurrence of vancomycin resistance genes (\n                    <i>van A<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>B<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>C1<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>C2\/C3<\/i>\n                    ) among\n                    <i>Enterococcus<\/i>\n                    species isolated from farm ostriches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Mirzaie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isa","family":"Faghiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Garmsar Branch Islamic Azad University  Garmsar Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5051-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Askari Badouei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ferdowsi University of Mashhad  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ahmad","family":"Madani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition University of Tehran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2052\u2010336X\u201012\u201042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2774\u20102777.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168\u20101605(00)00435\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.13.4.686\u2010707.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"CLSI. 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