{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T20:16:39Z","timestamp":1789157799472,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ubiquitous environmental fungus\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is also a life\u2010threatening avian pathogen.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolated from turkey lung biopsy or environmental samples collected in a poultry farm.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were identified using both morphological and ITS sequence features. Multilocus microsatellite genotyping was performed by using a panel of six microsatellite markers. Population genetic indices were computed using FSTAT and STRUCTURE. A minimum\u2010spanning tree (MST) and UPGMA dendrogram were drawn using BioNumerics and NTSYS\u2010PC, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The 63 environmental (air, surfaces, eggshells and food)\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates clustered in 36 genotypes (genotypic diversity\u00a0=\u00a00.57), and the 19 turkey lung biopsies isolates clustered in 17 genotypes (genotypic diversity\u00a0=\u00a00.89). The genetic structure of environmental and avian\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations were clearly differentiated, according to both\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010statistics and Bayesian model\u2010based analysis\u2019 results. The Bayesian approach indicated gene flow between both\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations. The MST illustrated the genetic structure of this\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      population split in nine clusters, including six singletons.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results highlight the distinct genetic structure of environmental and avian\n                      <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations, indicative of a genome\u2010based adaptation of isolates involved in avian aspergillosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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