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However, there are no published reports regarding the use of acetazolamide for this purpose in companion animals, despite the increasing popularity of laparoscopic techniques in veterinary medicine due to their advantages over open surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty mixed\u2010breed female dogs were included in the study and randomly assigned to one of three groups: OVE (median celiotomy ovariectomy;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10), OVEL (laparoscopic ovariectomy,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10) and OVELA (laparoscopic ovariectomy with acetazolamide preoperative administration;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10). Experienced surgeons performed all procedures, and the anaesthetic and analgesic protocols were identical for all animals. Acetazolamide was administered orally (at a dose of 25 mg\/kg) 2 h prior to induction in the OVELA group. Postoperative pain was evaluated using serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and the University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS) Score.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Any statistical differences were observed in the UMPS scores when the OVELA group was compared to the OVEL group at 1 h after surgery (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.515), 12 h (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.375) and 24 h (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.242). Animals undergoing open surgery (OVE group) had significantly higher pain scores at all times after surgery when compared with OVEL and OVELA groups. A high positive correlation (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.792;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01) was found between serum and saliva cortisol concentrations. Mean saliva cortisol concentration was not significantly lower for the OVELA group compared to the other groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found evidence that preoperative administration of acetazolamide may be beneficial in managing postoperative pain in dogs after laparoscopic surgeries. However, further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm this and to determine if acetazolamide should be included in a multimodal postoperative analgesia protocol for laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T12:44:19Z","timestamp":1679575459000},"page":"1114-1123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Premedication with acetazolamide: Is its use for postoperative pain and stress control after laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs ruled out?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas T.","family":"Tavares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Lus\u00f3fona University Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez Ciudad Juarez M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 P.","family":"Sales\u2010Lu\u00eds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universidade de Lisboa Avenida da Universidade Te\u0301cnica Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo G.","family":"Vaudano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oeiras Veterinary Hospital Oeiras Pa\u00e7o de Arcos Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio D.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COPELABS Departamento de Arquitetura Universidade Lusof\u00f3na de Humanidades e Tecnologias Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"VALORIZA Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para a Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o de Recursos End\u00f3genos Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre Portalegre Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Alberto","family":"Corbera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Veterinario ULPGC Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas y Sanitarias Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Arucas Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose Raduan","family":"Jaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Veterinaria Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Arucas Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2000.61.965"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-09352010000100012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2014.0507"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.1996.0033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(97)00145-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1991.tb00340.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9409-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.2.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11051275"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11030887"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.637"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1997.210.11.1619","article-title":"Correlation between subjective and objective measures used to determine severity of postoperative pain in dogs","volume":"210","author":"Conzemius M. 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