{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:15:36Z","timestamp":1772118936143,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We sought to investigate whether SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 was present, and to perform full\u2010length genomic sequencing, in a 5\u2010year\u2010old male crossbreed dog from Gaborone, Botswana that presented overt clinical signs (flu\u2010like symptoms, dry hacking cough and mild dyspnoea). It was only sampled a posteriori, because three adult owners were diagnosed with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Next\u2010generation sequencing based on Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) was performed on amplicons that were generated using a reverse transcriptase real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010qPCR) of confirmed positive SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 nasopharyngeal and buccal swabs, as well as a bronchoalveolar lavage with mean real cycle threshold (qCt) value of 36 based on the Nucleocapsid (N) gene. Descriptive comparisons to known sequences in Botswana and internationally were made using mutation profiling analysis and phylogenetic inferences. Human samples were not available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A near\u2010full length SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 genome (\u223c90% coverage) was successfully genotyped and classified under clade 20 O and Pango\u2010Lineage AY.43 (Pango v.4.0.6 PLEARN\u2010v1.3; 2022\u201004\u201021), which is a sublineage of the Delta variant of concern (VOC) (formerly called B.1.617.2, first detected in India). We did not identify novel mutations that may be used to distinguish SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 isolates from the dog and humans. In addition to Spike (S) region mutation profiling, we performed phylogenetic analysis including 30 Delta sequences publicly available reference also isolated from dogs. In addition, we performed another exploratory analysis to investigate the phylogenetic relatedness of sequence isolated from dog with those from humans in Botswana (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1303) as of 31 March 2022 and of same sublineage. Expectedly, the sequence formed a cluster with Delta sublineages \u2013 AY.43, AY.116 and B.1.617.2 \u2013 circulating in same time frame.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This is the first documented report of human\u2010associated SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in a dog in Botswana. Although the direction of transmission remains unknown, this study further affirms the need for monitoring pets during different COVID\u201019 waves for possible clinically relevant SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 transmissions between species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T15:14:12Z","timestamp":1682781252000},"page":"1465-1472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Near\u2010complete genome of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Delta variant of concern identified in a symptomatic dog\n                    <i>(Canis lupus familiaris)<\/i>\n                    in Botswana"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wonderful T.","family":"Choga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Department of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences School of Allied Health Professionals University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha L.","family":"Letsholo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandapiwa","family":"Marobela\u2010Raborokgwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Gobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences School of Allied Health Professionals University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mbatshi","family":"Mazwiduma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VetPro Consultants  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorcas","family":"Maruapula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Rukwava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kweneng Veterinary Clinic  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Gorettie","family":"Binta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boitumelo J. L","family":"Zuze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Legodile","family":"Koopile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kedumetse","family":"Seru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patience","family":"Motshosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ontlametse Thato","family":"Bareng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences School of Allied Health Professionals University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Botshelo","family":"Radibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Smith\u2010Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Management Ministry of Health and Wellness  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kutlo","family":"Macheke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Management Ministry of Health and Wellness  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesego","family":"Kuate\u2010Lere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Management Ministry of Health and Wellness  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Modisa S.","family":"Motswaledi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences School of Allied Health Professionals University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Presidential COVID\u201019 Taskforce  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mpaphi B.","family":"Mbulawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Management National Health Laboratory  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mogomotsi","family":"Matshaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Presidential COVID\u201019 Taskforce  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Botswana\u2010Baylor Children's Clinic Centre of Excellence  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kereng V.","family":"Masupu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Presidential COVID\u201019 Taskforce  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahin","family":"Lockman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Makhema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mosepele","family":"Mosepele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Presidential COVID\u201019 Taskforce  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simani","family":"Gaseitsiwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership Gaborone  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. 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Deforche K. &deOliveira T.(2020).Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool for rapid identification and characterization of novel coronavirus genomes.bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.01.31.928796"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14071527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2021.0091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108693"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.619207"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42522-021-00039-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13102104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13122526"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.g143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamer S. A. Pauvolid\u2010Correa A. Zecca I. B. Davila E. Auckland L. D. Roundy C. M. Tang W. Torchetti M. Killian M. L. Jenkins\u2010Moore M. Mozingo K. Akpalu Y. Ghai R. R. Spengler J. R. Behravesh C. B. Fischer R. S. B. &Hamer G. L.(2020).Natural SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infections including virus isolation among serially tested cats and dogs in households with confirmed human COVID\u201019 cases in Texas USA.bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.12.08.416339"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-12468-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2710.211500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10122134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.06.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msp077"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26478"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2020.1867776"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb7015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2334-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty695"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","volume-title":"World Health Organization","author":"WHO","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2951-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.1152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T03:14:50Z","timestamp":1692242090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.1152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.1152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.1152","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v2\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1152\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}