{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:16:24Z","timestamp":1772118984797,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections take place on mucosal membranes. Therefore, creating vaccinations delivered through the mucosa may be crucial for managing brucellosis. Consequently, we assessed the efficacy of a recombinant oral antigen delivery system based on\n                      <jats:italic>Lactococcus lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      for\n                      <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      omp25 antigen.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oral vaccinations with\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      transformed with pNZ8148 variants encoding for omp25 (pNZ8148:omp25) and free\u2010pNZ8148 were administered to mice. On day 30, following immunization in animal groups, anti\u2010omp25\u2010specific IgG1 antibodies were assessed by the ELISA test. Additionally, nasal and bronchoalveolar lavages containing omp25\u2010specific secretory IgA (sIgA) were analysed by ELISA. ELISA test and real\u2010time PCR were also used to analyse cytokine responses up to 28 days following the last boost. In addition, the protective potential of\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      pNZ8148:omp25 vaccines was assessed in BALB\/c mice by exposing them to the\n                      <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on the initial screening results, the omp25 protein was identified for immunogenicity because it had the maximum solubility and flexibility and antigenic values of 0.75. The produced plasmid was digested using KpnI and XbaI. By electrophoretic isolation of the digestion fragments at 786\u00a0bp, the omp25 gene, the successful production of the recombinant plasmid, was confirmed. Antigen expression at the protein level revealed that the target group generated the 25\u00a0kDa\u2010sized omp25 protein, but there was no protein expression in the control group. Fourteen days after priming, there was a considerable amount of omp25\u2010specific IgG1 in the sera of mice vaccinated with pNZ8148\u2013Usp45\u2013omp25\u2013\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 in target groups compared to the phosphate\u2010buffered saline control group). IFN\u2010\u03b3 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels were more significant in samples from mice that had been given the pNZ8148\u2013Usp45\u2013omp25\u2013\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and IRBA vaccinations, in samples taken on days 14 and 28, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The pNZ8148\u2013Usp45\u2013omp25\u2013\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and IRBA immunization groups had significantly greater IL\u20104 and IL\u201010 transcription levels than the other groups. The spleen portions from the pNZ8148\u2013Usp45\u2013omp25\u2013\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and IRIBA vac group had less extensive spleen injuries, alveolar oedema, lymphocyte infiltration and morphological damage due to the inflammatory process.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study offers a novel method for using the food\u2010grade, non\u2010pathogenic and noncommercial bacterium\n                      <jats:italic>L. lactis<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a protein cell factory to produce the novel immunogenic fusion candidate romp25. This method offers an appealing new approach to assessing the cost\u2010effective, safe, sustainable, simple pilot development of pharmaceutical products.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T01:20:32Z","timestamp":1686100832000},"page":"1908-1922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["<i>Brucella abortus<\/i>\n                    antigen omp25 vaccines: Development and targeting based on\n                    <i>Lactococcus lactis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5030-0875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somaye Tirbakhsh","family":"Gouran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University  Shahrekord 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