{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T15:36:30Z","timestamp":1768923390931,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this field trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a new plant\u2010based porcine circovirus type 2a (PCV2a) vaccine. This vaccine was a recombinant capsid subunit PCV2a vaccine based on the<jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic>expression system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three farms were selected for the study based on their history of subclinical PCV2 infection. A total of 40 18\u2010day\u2010old pigs were randomly allocated to either vaccinated or unvaccinated groups (20 pigs per group; 10\u00a0=\u00a0male and 10\u00a0=\u00a0female). Pigs received a 2.0\u2010mL dose of the plant\u2010based PCV2a vaccine intramuscularly at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, whereas unvaccinated pigs were administered a single dose of phosphate buffered\u2010saline at the same age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vaccination had a positive effect on pig growth performance compared to that of unvaccinated pigs on all three of the farms. Vaccination of pigs with a plant\u2010based PCV2a vaccine induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies titres against PCV2d and PCV2d\u2010specific interferon\u2010\u03b3 secreting cells which resulted in the reduction of PCV2d viral load and reduced lymphoid lesions severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this field trial demonstrated cross\u2010protection of PCV2d by a plant\u2010based PCV2a vaccine and a positive effect of pig growth performance with vaccination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T18:33:45Z","timestamp":1693852425000},"page":"2703-2710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Field evaluation of novel plant\u2010derived porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine related to subclinical 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