{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:36:47Z","timestamp":1792121807181,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013867","name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Barcelona Zoo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013867","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D is essential for skeletal health, calcium homeostasis and general health. The major and more stable form of vitamin D in circulation is 25\u2010hydroxyvitamin D (25\u2010OH\u2010D); this is the most valuable indicator of vitamin D status. There are studies on laboratory and zoo\u2010housed chimpanzees; however, serum vitamin D status has not been documented in chimpanzees in range countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) Determine the range of circulating 25\u2010OH\u2010D concentrations in chimpanzees in range countries. (2) Assess the influence of age, sex, and sun exposure on 25\u2010OH\u2010D serum concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Opportunistic blood samples were obtained from 127 clinically healthy chimpanzees. Serum 25\u2010OH\u2010D concentration was measured with a commercially available competitive ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median overall 25\u2010OH\u2010D concentration for chimpanzees in range countries was 46.24\u00a0nmol\/L (range: 17.10\u2013109.23\u00a0nmol\/L). Males had a significantly lower concentration (40.15\u00a0nmol\/L) than females (49.61\u00a0nmol\/L), and infants (37.99\u00a0nmol\/L) had a significantly lower concentration than adults (46.04\u00a0nmol\/L). Concentrations of 25\u2010OH\u2010D in chimpanzees in sunnier habitats were significantly higher compared to thick tropical forest habitat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present constitutes a large dataset of serum 25\u2010OH\u2010D concentrations in range country sanctuary chimpanzees and contributes to document normal ranges. Age, sex, and sun exposure influenced serum concentrations of 25\u2010OH\u2010D in sanctuary chimpanzees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T15:18:41Z","timestamp":1695136721000},"page":"2937-2945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Serum vitamin D in sanctuary chimpanzees (\n                    <i>Pan troglodytes<\/i>\n                    ) in range countries: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1203-7367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yedra","family":"Feltrer\u2010Rambaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Primate Health &amp; Welfare Group  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1525-1166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anneke","family":"Moresco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Primate Health &amp; Welfare Group  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Reproductive Health Surveillance Program  Morrison Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Colorado Mesa Tech Colorado Mesa university  Grand Junction Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Ange\u2010van Heugten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary  Freetown Sierra Leone"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7720-4162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Tomeo\u2010Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica. Animal Physiology Departemtn. Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UIB\u2010UAX)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Carrasco Pesquera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica. Animal Physiology Departemtn. 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