{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:00:12Z","timestamp":1791892812891,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arthropodborne\n                    <jats:italic>Orbivirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    that belongs to the Reoviridae family. Bluetongue is one of the most important diseases of sheep. A flock of 300 Lacon sheep just arrived from France, located in the countryside of Qazvin city, Iran, was examined, in August 2022. In history taking and clinical examination, submandibular oedema (216\/300, 72%), fever (216\/300, 72%), inappetence (216\/300, 72%), stomatitis (216\/300, 72%), nasal discharge (90\/300, 30%) and lameness (30\/300, 10%) were recorded. Foot\u2010and\u2010mouth disease, bluetongue (BT), contagious ecthyma and peste des petits ruminants were the most important differential diagnosis with reference to clinical signs. Tongue scraping samples from four clinically affected sheep were sent to the laboratory for PCR tests and, in all of them, BTV was detected. The affected flock had a history of vaccination with an attenuated live vaccine in the previous 4 months. The morbidity rate, mortality rate and case fatality rate were 72% (216\/300), 7% (21\/300) and 9.7% (21\/216), respectively. This report is the first documented clinical form of BT in sheep from Iran.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T08:28:21Z","timestamp":1696062501000},"page":"2791-2795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bluetongue outbreak in a sheep flock from Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4319-4186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navid","family":"Jahanroshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Private Veterinary Practitioner  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2319-6697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahram","family":"Dalir\u2010Naghadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Urmia University  Urmia Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6549-7922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samad","family":"Lotfollahzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5091-7560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mostafa","family":"Abdollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Semnan University  Semnan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1263-9373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sareh","family":"Azarmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproduction Biotechnology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Moosakhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Islamic Azad University  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.94.11.233"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"Sero\u2010epidemiology and molecular detection of bluetongue virus in Indian ruminants","volume":"52","author":"Ayanur A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Veterinaria Italiana"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Bluetongue virus detection in sheep by RT\u2010PCR","volume":"64","author":"Azimi S. M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-9-178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"2069","volume-title":"Veterinary medicine","author":"Constable P. D.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Serological evidence of bluetongue in Iran: A meta\u2010analysis study","volume":"7","author":"Hassani M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Sciences: Research and Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11070672"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"329","article-title":"Bluetongue","volume":"34","author":"Maclachlan N. J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"78","article-title":"Evaluation of the seroprevalence of AKABANE and bluetongue viruses using competitive\u2010ELISA in dairy cattle from industrial herds, Semnan suburb, Iran","volume":"15","author":"Mohajer F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iranian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1090"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Seasonal effects on the prevalence of bluetongue in small ruminants in west Azarbaijan, Iran","volume":"6","author":"Sadri R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12453"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2020.1831708"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.1288","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T16:37:03Z","timestamp":1700066223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.1288"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.1288"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.1288","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v3\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.1288\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}