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Hepatic values showed short\u2010term (haemoglobin [HGB], globulins) or sustained increases (bilirubin, glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase). Digestion\u2010related parameters showed small short\u2010term increases (\u03b1\u2010amylase, triglycerides) or decreases (cholesterol, DGGR\u2010lipase), apparent through plasma shift adjustment. Zinc decreased in the short term, and iron showed a delayed decrease. White blood cell count increased persistently after training, whereas serum amyloid A remained unchanged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercised eventing horses had consistently elevated HGB and cortisol levels 10 and 30\u00a0min after submaximal exercise, exceeding the reference ranges for healthy horses at rest. Exercise activates the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenocortical and hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid axes. Antioxidant activity was observed. Increased energy requirements led to the mobilization of energy reserves, and a sustained increase in liver enzymes indicated hepatocellular injury. Mild haemolysis suggested increased muscle metabolism, whereas signs of inflammation were subtle. Further research is needed to identify which horses deviate from mean values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T05:19:35Z","timestamp":1711084775000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Blood\u2010based assessment of oxidative stress, inflammation, endocrine and metabolic adaptations in eventing horses accounting for plasma volume shift after exercise"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0845-5316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Giers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Clinic Internal Medicine Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1280-6138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Bartel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5223-0647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Kirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Sensors and Modeling Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB)  Potsdam Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5429-0088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon Franz","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboklin Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics  Bad Kissingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Horstmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Olympic Committee for Equestrian Sports (DOKR)  Warendorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5451-4232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidrun","family":"Gehlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Clinic Internal Medicine Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737\u20100806(07)80396\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.102986"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","first-page":"272","article-title":"Acute\u2010phase protein profile in horses subjected to different exercise protocols","volume":"83","author":"Assun\u00e7\u00e3o P.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13101670"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1892\/0891\u20106640(2007)21[489:siapfc]2.0.co;2"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","first-page":"623","article-title":"Intravascular neutrophilic granulocyte kinetics in horses","volume":"42","author":"Carakostas M. 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