{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T01:26:22Z","timestamp":1782437182808,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Different\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      serotypes are considered one of the most important food pathogens in the world. Poultry meat and eggs are the primary carriers of\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      in human populations. This study aimed to estimate the\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella enteritidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/jats:italic>\n                      contamination rates of retail hen and quail eggs in Karaj, Iran. Moreover, the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the strains were evaluated, and the efficiency of the standard culture method and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m\u2010PCR) were compared.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this descriptive cross\u2010sectional study over 1 year (Jan\u2013Dec 2022), 150 commercial and 150 backyard hen eggs and 300 commercial quail eggs, without cracks and fractures, were collected randomly from best selling groceries in Karaj city. All samples were examined for\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      contamination independently by standard culture and m\u2010PCR approaches. A standard disc diffusion method was employed to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains against 18 antimicrobial agents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Out of 300 examined eggs, 2\n                      <jats:italic>S. enteritidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains were isolated from the shell of backyard hen eggs. The same serotype was also detected in the contents of one of these two eggs. One\n                      <jats:italic>S. typhimurium<\/jats:italic>\n                      was isolated from the shell of a commercial hen egg. Overall, the\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      contamination of the shell and contents was 1% and 0.3%, respectively.\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      was not isolated from the eggshells or the contents of the quail eggs. There was complete agreement between the results of m\u2010PCR and the standard culture methods. Among the 18 tested antibiotics, the highest resistance was recorded for colistin (100%), followed by nalidixic acid (75%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As most\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. are associated with human food poisoning, continuous surveillance is required to effectively reduce the risk posed by contaminated poultry eggs. Furthermore, mandatory monitoring of antimicrobial use on Iranian poultry farms is recommended.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T10:24:14Z","timestamp":1715595854000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of\n                    <i>Salmonella enteritidis<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Salmonella typhimurium<\/i>\n                    isolated from hen eggs and quail eggs in Karaj, Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Asghar","family":"Yousefi Amin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5562-4465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojgan","family":"Oshaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1183-8549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sina","family":"Habibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Blood Banking Faculty of Allied Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Bashashati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostics Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Fallah Mehrabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostics Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sedigheh Sadat","family":"Safavieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quality Control Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ajlm.v4i1.158"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S185081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2021.105550"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-011-1238-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-02900-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2014-0315"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Serogroups, and drug resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella in symptomatic patients with community\u2010acquired diarrhea and chicken meat samples in Tehran","volume":"21","author":"Besharati S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Molecular analysis, serotyping and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella in marketed local, industrial and breeder poultry eggs in Tabriz City, Iran","volume":"7","author":"Danesh Ghohar S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Food Biosciences and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.812481"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30699\/ijmm.12.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/avmj.2015.170025"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","article-title":"Molecular detection, virulence genes, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolated from poultry and clinical samples","volume":"11","author":"Farahani R. 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