{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:54:05Z","timestamp":1781877245442,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine & Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Among the large animals, the heart of sheep is functionally and structurally very similar to the human heart. In research, sheep are used as an animal model to study the process of cardiac disease pathogenesis and treatment. Therefore, determining the normal values of the heart structures of sheep with echocardiography is of particular emphasis. The purpose of the present research is to define the normal echocardiography values of heart in Iranian Shall breed sheep.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n \n In 20 healthy Iranian Shall male sheep weighing 30\u201335\u00a0kg and aged 4\u20136 months, standing echocardiography was done from the right parasternal approach concentrated on the 3rd to 5th intercostal spaces by 2.5\u20135\u00a0MHz phased array transducer in the longitudinal and transverse views by B\u2010mode, M\u2010mode and Doppler systems. In M\u2010mode echocardiographic, the parameters of interventricular septal, left ventricular internal diameter, left ventricular free wall, right ventricular free wall and right ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole as well as end point septal separation, ejection fraction (EF) slope, aortic root diameter, left atrial appendage, left atrial diameter\/aortic valve diameter, left ventricular ejection time, fractional shortening, end\u2010diastolic volume, end\u2010systolic volume, EF, stroke volume and cardiac output and in pulsed\u2010wave spectral Doppler echocardiographic, the parameters of mitral valve maximum velocity (\n V<\/jats:italic>\n max<\/jats:sub>\n ), mitral valve mean velocity (\n V<\/jats:italic>\n mean<\/jats:sub>\n ), mitral valve maximum pressure gradient (PG\n max<\/jats:sub>\n ), mitral valve mean pressure gradient (PG\n mean<\/jats:sub>\n ), mitral valve velocity time integral (VTI), mitral valve E\u2010wave (MV\u2010E), MV\u2010E pressure gradient, mitral valve A\u2010wave (MV\u2010A), MV\u2010A pressure gradient, aortic\n V<\/jats:italic>\n max<\/jats:sub>\n , aortic valve\n V<\/jats:italic>\n mean<\/jats:sub>\n , aortic valve PG\n max<\/jats:sub>\n , aortic valve PG\n mean<\/jats:sub>\n , aortic valve VTI, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)\u2010\n V<\/jats:italic>\n max<\/jats:sub>\n , LVOT\u2010\n V<\/jats:italic>\n mean<\/jats:sub>\n were measured.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n All the sheep in this study were healthy and had no signs of heart disease. In this study, the parameters of M\u2010mode and spectral Doppler echocardiographic were assessed and recognized in Iranian Shall sheep. The results demonstrated the parameters of echocardiographic could be dependably determined in Shall sheep which, established normal reference values for these parameters and left ventricular function indices in healthy Shall sheep. These results can be beneficial in appropriate imagination, recognition and measuring cardiac structures.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n This study can be exerted as a reference for the assessment and diagnosis of heart diseases in sheep medicine and human cardiovascular research in sheep experimental models.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T03:52:15Z","timestamp":1721879535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Right parasternal echocardiographic reference values in the healthy male Iranian Shall sheep"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7441-7325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sirous","family":"Sadeghian Chaleshtori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Mokber Dezfouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Vajhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Radiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7982-307X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abolfazl","family":"Najd Ghahremani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Sabetzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/veworld.2011.467-469"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.09.1540"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8191.2006.00168.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367792780740512"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Detection of polymorphism in BMPR\u2010IB gene associated with twining in shal sheep using PCR\u2010RFLP method","volume":"11","author":"Ghaffari M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2015.07.014"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Reproducible echocardiography in juvenile sheep and its application in the evaluation of a pulmonary valve homograft implant","volume":"39","author":"Hong T.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5288(93)90080-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Echocardiographic diastolic indices of the left ventricle in normal Doberman pinschers and retrievers","volume":"44","author":"Kobal M. 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