{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:31:27Z","timestamp":1792801887408,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    At completion of Hajj, the Islamic pilgrimage to Makkah, pilgrims give thanks for the blessing, and acceptance, of Hajj, marking the end of the pilgrimage by sacrificing an animal and distributing the sacrificial meat to the poor. With over two million Muslims making Hajj, each Hajj, more than 1.2\u00a0million heads of cattle: sheep, goats and camels are slaughtered. Over 16\u00a0000 abattoir workers work around the clock to sacrifice and process the cattle in keeping with Islamic law and public health guidelines. Because of their proximity to high densities of cattle and cattle meat, Makkah's abattoir workers are at risk of zoonosis. This was a longitudinal study aimed at determining the risk of some zoonotic diseases among male permanent abattoir workers during Hajj. Specifically, seroprevalence of antigens for Brucella, Crimean\u2013Congo haemorrhagic fever (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCHF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), Alkhurma haemorrhagic fever (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and Rift Valley Fever (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) were determined, among the study participants. An enrolment questionnaire, and a follow\u2010up questionnaire, with provision of 10\u00a0mL blood for testing 2\u00a0days before intense Hajj animal exposure, up to 20\u00a0days after intense animal exposure and between 30 and 42\u00a0days after Hajj butchering exposures. While working with livestock, study participants were interrogated on hand hygiene and personal protection. Eighty male permanent abattoir workers participated in the study. Majority, 96.25% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a077) declared washing their hands with soap and water, most 98.75% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a079) never used eye protection\n                    <jats:bold>,<\/jats:bold>\n                    few occupational workers dressed in personal protective clothing or footwear. All workers tested negative for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCHF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , one was positive for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and six for Brucella. The risk of some zoonotic infections like Brucella and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is low among permanent occupational workers in the slaughtering house in Makkah during Hajj 2013. No serological evidence for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCHF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    viruses, even though workers showed low compliance with use of personnel protective equipment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T23:56:16Z","timestamp":1556063776000},"page":"428-434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Hajj abattoirs in Makkah: risk of zoonotic infections among occupational workers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Malak","family":"Almasri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Directorate Ministry of Health Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qanta A.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Winthrop University Hospital Mineola New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulhafeez","family":"Turkestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makkah regional Health Directorate Ministry of Health Makkah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5099-0714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziad A.","family":"Memish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division Department of Medicine &amp; Department of Research Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital Ministry of Health College of Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"AliS.F. (2006)Arab News Publication Date. Available at:http:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/278842"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2017.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2016.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(2017).National Center for emerging and zoonotic diseases. Brucellosis reference guide: exposure testing and prevention."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"457","article-title":"Zoonoses in the meat industry: a review","volume":"45","author":"Corry J.E.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","unstructured":"DickinsonE(2013)The National Newspaper Flash freezing takes care of surplus meat from Haj sacrifice. Available at:https:\/\/www.thenational.ae\/world\/flash-freezing-takes-care-of-surplus-meat-from-haj-sacrifice-1.310668"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2001.11782322"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70337-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60381-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Outbreaks of rift valley fever in Kenya, Somalia and United Republic of Tanzania","volume":"82","author":"NA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2001.11782330"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"\u201cOutbreak\u201d of hand injuries during Hajj festivities in Saudi Arabia","volume":"43","author":"Rahman M.M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Plastic Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"Sacrificial Meat of One Million Sheep to Be Distributed. AlRiyadh. (2015). Available at:http:\/\/sites.alriyadh.com\/en\/article\/779947\/Sacrificial-Meat-of-One-Million-Sheep-To-Be-Distributed"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70293-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"The Saudi Project for Utilization of Hajj Meat. (2013) Available at:http:\/\/www.adahi.org\/English\/MediaCenter\/Articles\/Pages\/Article2.aspx"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.169","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.169","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T14:46:23Z","timestamp":1694097983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.169","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}