{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:24:24Z","timestamp":1790735064933,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005156","name":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Equid herpesviruses (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>s) threaten equine health and can cause significant economic losses to the equine industry worldwide. Different equid herpesviruses, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>5 are regularly detected among horse populations. In Egypt, monitoring is sporadic but <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 have been reported to circulate in the horse population. However, there is a lack of reports related to infection and health status of horses, likely due to the absence of regular diagnostic procedures. In the current study, the circulation of four infectious equid herpesviruses (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105) among different Arabian horse populations and donkeys residing the same farm was monitored. Different samples were collected and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> was extracted and subjected to quantitative (q)\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> to detect the four equid herpesviruses using specific primers and probes. Antibody titres against <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 were tested using virus neutralization test and type\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>. The results showed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105 are endemic and can be a continuous threat for horses in the absence of vaccination programs and frequent virus reactivation. There is an urgent need for introduction of active regular surveillance measures to investigate the presence of different equid herpesviruses, and other equine viral pathogens, in various horse populations around Egypt and to establish a standardized cataloguing of equine health status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T10:19:40Z","timestamp":1559297980000},"page":"361-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Detection of equid herpesviruses among different Arabian horse populations in Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2880-7255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walid","family":"Azab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie Robert von Ostertag\u2010Haus Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsmedizin Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Bedair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azza","family":"Abdelgawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Eschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie Robert von Ostertag\u2010Haus Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsmedizin Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemelat K.","family":"Farag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Abdel\u2010Raheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Artificial Insemination Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex D.","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wildlife Diseases Leibniz\u2010Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Osterrieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie Robert von Ostertag\u2010Haus Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsmedizin Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A. 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