{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:47:14Z","timestamp":1777481234257,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012004","name":"Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["131001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["131001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012004","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Paratuberculosis (Ptb) is a widespread chronic infection caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>paratuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Map<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. Most of the studies focused on cattle while, the prevalence of Ptb in sheep in different regions of the world is not well investigated. This study aimed to address this gap of knowledge by screening adult female sheep for paratuberculosis antibodies in different geographical regions of Tunisia. A total number of 338 female sheep from 15 small to middle\u2010sized, extensively managed sheep farms in six regions across Tunisia were sampled. Animals were clinically examined before blood sampling. Sera were tested for the presence of anti\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>paratuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit. Six farms out of 15 comprised at least one seropositive animal and 11 female sheep out of 338 tested animals (3.25%; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0[1.83\u20135.73]) were seropositive to\n                    <jats:italic>M.\u00a0avium<\/jats:italic>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>paratuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The seroprevalence was significantly lower in 5\u2010year\u2010old females (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.04) and animals that do not graze (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.02). Due to its huge economic and social impacts, paratuberculosis represents a health problem in Tunisia and several other countries Further investigations are needed to rank sheep Ptb in Tunisia among other diseases and to assess the main risk factors using a larger nation\u2010wide survey.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T15:26:02Z","timestamp":1580397962000},"page":"393-398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Seroprevalence of anti\u2010\n                    <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i>\n                    subsp.\n                    <i>paratuberculosis<\/i>\n                    antibodies in female sheep in Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1426-4723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e9diha","family":"Khamassi Khbou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Zoonosis and Sanitary Regulation Univ. Manouba Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rihab","family":"Romdhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Zoonosis and Sanitary Regulation Univ. Manouba Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet Tunisia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Univ. Manouba Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Limam","family":"Sassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Zoonosis and Sanitary Regulation Univ. Manouba Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet Tunisia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Univ. Manouba Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amira","family":"Amami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Veterinarian Surgeon Rue de la jeunesse Sbe\u00eftla Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7455-2017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mourad","family":"Rekik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u2019hammed","family":"Benzarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Zoonosis and Sanitary Regulation Univ. Manouba Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/782875"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Prevalence of paratuberculosis in the dairy goat and dairy sheep industries in Ontario, Canada","volume":"57","author":"Bauman C. A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.1995.tb00719.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Chariet M.(2004).Investigation of paratuberculosis in cattle in North West Tunisia using ELISA culture and Ziehl Neelsen staining. The National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet-Tunisia-Manouba University."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880700893X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13154"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Cross\u2010sectional study on bovine paratuberculosis in governemental organized farms in Tunisia. DVM Thesis, The National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet\u2010Tunisia\u2010Manouba University","author":"Habchi T.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/2947-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis","volume":"14","author":"Harris N. B.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"Cross\u2010sectional study on brucellosis and paratuberculosis in goat in Tataouine (South Tunisia). DVM Thesis, The National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet\u2010Tunisia\u2010Manouba University","author":"Hdia L.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-015-2126-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2018.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"D\u00e9cret n\u00b0 2009\u20102200 du 14 juillet 2009, fixant la nomenclature des maladies animales r\u00e9glement\u00e9es et \u00e9dictant les mesures g\u00e9n\u00e9rales applicables \u00e0 ces maladies","author":"JORT","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-06397-5.00042-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-4488(02)00004-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","volume-title":"Johne\u2019s disease in sheep 2011","author":"Menzies P.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)30675-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(90)90076-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","volume-title":"Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019agriculture, des ressources hydrauliques et de la p\u00eache. Survey on livestock 2016\u20132017","author":"Ministry of agricultural","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00281-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Epidemiological evolution of epidemiology of the inflammatory bowel diseases in a hospital of Tunis","volume":"91","author":"Ouakaa\u2010Kchaou A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"La Tunisie Medicale"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-017-0172-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2017.00187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2005.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2019.218-223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Subclinical infection of paratuberculosis among camels in Egypt","volume":"8","author":"Salem M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of American Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","volume-title":"M\u00e9thodes statistiques \u00e0 l\u2019usage des m\u00e9decins et des biologistes","author":"Schwartz D.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.08.1312","article-title":"Isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis after oral inoculation in uninfected cattle","volume":"53","author":"Sweeney R. W.","year":"1992","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"Comparative study between serological and skin test results in a farm with confirmed status regarding paratuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis. DVM Thesis, The National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet\u2010Tunisia\u2010Manouba University","author":"Touihri W.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.5.2989-3004.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","volume-title":"Cross\u2010sectional study on brucellosis and paratuberculosis in small ruminant in Siliana district. DVM Thesis, The National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet\u2010Tunisia\u2010Manouba University.","author":"Zribi S.","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fvms3.243","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.243","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.243","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T17:45:10Z","timestamp":1722361510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.243"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.243","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.243\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}