{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:52:04Z","timestamp":1790801524306,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Small mammals such as rodents can to carry zoonotic pathogens. Currently, there is impaired knowledge on zoonotic pathogens in rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands. This limits opportunities for preventive measures and complicates risk\u2010assessments for zoonotic transmission to humans. <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> are present on a list of prioritized emerging pathogens in the Netherlands and were therefore the focus of this study. Both pathogens have the ability to survive under moist environmental conditions. In total, a group of 379 small mammals (rodents &amp; insectivores) were tested on pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp., and 312 on <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>. Rodents and insectivores were trapped at various sites, but mostly on pig and dairy farms throughout the country. Over five percent of the animals (5.3%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0379) tested positive for <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> DNA, and five of the animals (1.6%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0312) tested were positive for <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> DNA. The animals positive for <jats:italic>T.gondii<\/jats:italic> were all brown rats and the ones for <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. were various species. Our results show that insectivores and rodents might be used as an indicator for the environmental contamination and\/or the contamination in wildlife for <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T12:34:56Z","timestamp":1583411696000},"page":"623-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Wild rodents and insectivores as carriers of pathogenic <i>Leptospira<\/i> and <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> in The Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7612-0381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inge M.","family":"Krijger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen University &amp; Research , Livestock Research Wageningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Farm Technology Group Wageningen University &amp; Research Wageningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A. A.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis (NRL) Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria G. A.","family":"Goris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis (NRL) Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan B. W. J.","family":"Cornelissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen BioVeterinary Research Lelystad The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter W. G.","family":"Groot Koerkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Farm Technology Group Wageningen University &amp; Research Wageningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bastiaan G.","family":"Meerburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen University &amp; Research , Livestock Research Wageningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Dutch Pest and Wildlife Expertise Centre (KAD) Wageningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Zoonoses and communicable diseases common to man and animals","author":"Acha P. N.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268801006380"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007003320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9597.1000133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2008.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003898"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-396481-6.00001-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420092370"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00227-6"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"1767","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii life cycle in cats","volume":"157","author":"Dubey J.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","volume-title":"Leptospira and leptospirosis","author":"Faine S.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2015.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118922798.ch36","volume-title":"Leptospira spp. interpretation of equine laboratory diagnostics","author":"Foley J.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"1973","volume-title":"Molecular medical microbiology","author":"Fraga T. R.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004733"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-14-328"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339942"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.29404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03474.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1996.9694722"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Long\u2010term study of Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in small mammals (Insectivora and Rodentia)","volume":"47","author":"Hejl\u00ed\u010dek K.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Folia Zoologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1195"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2008.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-014-0048-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Infectierisico door contact met knaagdieren en insecteneters Leptospirose gevaar voor de mens","volume":"1","author":"Kuiken T.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Zoogdier"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(91)90070-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008686.2018.1490135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410902989837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760160174"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2406.180035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2013.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003843"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","volume-title":"Natuurdrama op Texel: Wilde katten roven nesten leeg en verslinden jongen vogels","author":"News N.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","first-page":"763","article-title":"Sur une infection \u00e0 corps de Leishman (ou organismes voisins) du gondi","volume":"147","author":"Nicolle C.","year":"1908","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus De L'acad\u00e9mie Des Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2016.2036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","volume-title":"Toxoplasma gondii in animal reservoirs and the environment","author":"Opsteegh M.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05013-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3369"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(34)90094-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","volume-title":"Loslopende katten worden in beeld gebracht in nationaal Park Duinen","author":"Spek E. V. D.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00572121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","volume-title":"Ziekte van Weil, melkerskoorts en andere leptospirosen, 1981\u20131987","author":"Terpstra W. J.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004122"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.17221\/5840-VETMED","article-title":"Small mammals\u2010natural reservoir of pathogenic leptospires","volume":"47","author":"Treml F.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Veterinarni Medicina\u2010Praha"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268802008026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","unstructured":"Uiterwijk M. Keur I. Friesema I. Valkenburgh S. Holtslag M. vanPelt W. \u2026Maassen K.(2016).Staat van Zo\u00f6nosen 2016. Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en. Milieu RIVM."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Report of the second meeting of the Leptospirosis Burden Epidemiology Reference Group","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004569"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_9"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fvms3.255","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.255","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.255","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.255","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T08:16:07Z","timestamp":1693901767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.255"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.255","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}