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True ASDs are regarded as rare and little is known about the clinical significance of these defects in horses. An 11\u2010year\u2010old Thoroughbred gelding with a history of poor performance was diagnosed with an atrial septal defect, measuring approximately 2\u00a0cm in diameter, on 2D transthoracic echocardiography. Real\u2010time three\u2010dimensional (3D) echocardiography was used to map the structure of the defect and was useful in fully characterising the ASD in this case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T04:11:22Z","timestamp":1594008682000},"page":"661-665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Real\u2010time three\u2010dimensional (3D) echocardiographic characterisation of an atrial septal defect in a horse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2172-9197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Redpath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5093-5694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia M","family":"Marr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Equine Hospital Newmarket UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2607-8055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Bullard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Army Veterinary Corps. 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