{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:53:26Z","timestamp":1780563206803,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surveillance of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance is a critical component of the \u201cGlobal Action Plan\u201d to tackle antimicrobial resistance. However, there is a paucity of such surveillance in communal farming areas in South Africa. This study investigated knowledge and antimicrobial use practices by cattle farmers and antimicrobial resistance levels of indicator bacteria in cattle in a rural communal farming area in South Africa. Seventy (70) farmers were interviewed at five cattle inspection sites using structured questionnaires. Rectal swabs were collected from apparently healthy cattle (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100) for culture of <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> species, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution. The farmers indicated predominantly using tetracyclines. Although 42% of the farmers indicated hearing about antimicrobial resistance, none of them clearly understood what it involves. Seventy\u2010nine (79) <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and 71 <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> species were isolated with <jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic> being the dominant species among the <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> isolates. <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> isolates were resistant to colistin (16%; 13\/79), chlortetracycline (8%; 6\/79) and amoxicillin (8%; 6\/79). <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin (55%; 39\/71) and amoxycillin (3%; 2\/71). We observed knowledge gaps in prudent antimicrobial use practices and antimicrobial resistance among the farmers. Farmer tailored education programmes on primary animal health care and prudent antimicrobial use practices must be developed and implemented to improve antimicrobial stewardship among farmers with limited veterinary supervision. The level of colistin resistance detected among <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> isolates from rural communal cattle in this study was unexpected and warrants further molecular investigation to check if the resistance is plasmid mediated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T09:54:48Z","timestamp":1598867688000},"page":"112-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Antimicrobial use practices and resistance in indicator bacteria in communal cattle in the Mnisi community, Mpumalanga, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7160-0914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte Ropafadzo","family":"Mupfunya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4609-5151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Nenene","family":"Qekwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Studies University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2740-5983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinny","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Studies University of Pretoria Onderstepoort South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6047-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02164-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01173.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2017.0026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2016.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00140-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170328"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"E. coli O157:H7: Procedure for Isolation and Identification from Stool Specimens","author":"Centre for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-018-0354-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"Diagnosis of tick\u2010borne diseases in cattle in Bushbuckridge Mpumalanga South Africa and identification of Theileria parva carriers (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria)","author":"Choopa C. 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