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A <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USDA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010approved xenogeneic human tyrosinase (hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR<\/jats:styled-content>) plasmid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> vaccine delivered intramuscularly induces detectable immune responses and has clinical activity in some dogs with melanoma. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and immunogenicity of hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR<\/jats:styled-content> plasmid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> administered to the skin via microseeding in dogs with spontaneous melanoma. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> microseeding utilizes a modified tattooing device as an alternate and potentially more potent delivery method for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> immunization. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> was delivered to shaved inner thigh skin of six companion dogs with melanoma approximately every 14\u00a0days for a planned total of four vaccination time points. An anti\u2010hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> was used to test pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment sera. Biopsies of treated skin were obtained for detection of hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR<\/jats:styled-content> transgene expression. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> microseeding was well tolerated with no significant toxicity detected beyond local site irritation, and there were no signs of autoimmunity. hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010expressing cells were observed in biopsies of hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR DNA<\/jats:styled-content> microseeding sites. Increased humoral anti\u2010hu<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TYR<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies were seen in two of five evaluable dogs following microseeding compared to baseline. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> microseeding is well tolerated in companion dogs with melanoma. Further investigation is needed to determine if combining <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> microseeding with other immunotherapy regimens potentiates this delivery platform for cancer immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.65","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,23]],"date-time":"2017-05-23T23:39:34Z","timestamp":1495582774000},"page":"134-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Pilot study of safety and feasibility of DNA microseeding for treatment of spontaneous canine melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Cindy L.","family":"Zuleger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chulhi","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik A.","family":"Ranheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilene D.","family":"Kurzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Macklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jedd D.","family":"Wolchok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Vail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elof","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6499-517X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark R.","family":"Albertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Medical Service William S. 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