{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T07:47:13Z","timestamp":1775634433512,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neutrophilic leucocytosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome may occur in dogs with lymphoma, renal carcinoma, rectal polyps and metastatic fibrosarcoma. However, the information on canine lung adenocarcinoma with neutrophilic leucocytosis is lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to describe the clinical features and cytokine profiles of canine patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma and neutrophilic leucocytosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two dogs (cases #1 and #2), each with a solitary lung adenocarcinoma, were included. Both cases had leucocytosis and underwent lung lobectomy. The resected tumours were analysed for the expression of granulocyte colony\u2010stimulating factor (G\u2010CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF) and interleukin\u20106 (IL6) by quantitative real\u2010time PCR compared with normal lung tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the initial examination, neither patient had any clinical signs or fever. White blood cell count (WBC) was 58,300\/\u03bcl and 32,900\/\u03bcl in cases #1 and #2, respectively. The gene expression of\n                      <jats:italic>G\u2010CSF<\/jats:italic>\n                      increased 6.7\u2010and 19.7\u2010fold in cases #1 and #2, respectively. The gene expression of\n                      <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>\n                      markedly increased (30\u2010fold) in case #1, whereas it increased slightly (1.9\u2010fold) in case #2. On the other hand, that of\n                      <jats:italic>GM\u2010CSF<\/jats:italic>\n                      was slightly changed in both cases. The WBC count postoperatively decreased to within the normal range in both cases. The postoperative survival times were 347 and 118 days in cases #1 and #2, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study describes G\u2010CSF and IL6 producing lung adenocarcinoma associated with neutrophilic leucocytosis in dogs. Canine patients with pulmonary adenocarcinomas that have elevated\n                      <jats:italic>G\u2010CSF<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>\n                      levels may have a guarded prognosis. Further investigations are needed to clarify the prognosis of canine cytokine\u2010producing lung adenocarcinoma.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T23:14:50Z","timestamp":1640128490000},"page":"483-491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Neutrophilic leucocytosis induced by granulocyte colony\u2010stimulating factor and interleukin\u20106 in canine primary lung adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kei","family":"Tamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kumiko","family":"Ishigaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keigo","family":"Iizuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Nagumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orie","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0099-7974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazushi","family":"Asano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V49.5.845.845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-01-234120"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-2362-5.00005-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-2353-2_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27892"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"806","article-title":"Neutrophilic leukocytosis associated with metastatic fibrosarcoma in a dog","volume":"186","author":"Chinn D. 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