{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T08:23:43Z","timestamp":1789115023177,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004883","name":"Shahrekord University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0GRD34M1576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0GRD34M1576"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004883","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Repeat\u2010breeder cows repeatedly fail to conceive after at least three attempts and return to oestrus at apparently normal intervals. Repeat\u2010breeder cows cause economic losses in dairy farms in different ways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present study, we investigated the effect of sustained\u2010release progesterone injection in two different doses on the expression of interferon\u2010related genes in repeat\u2010breeder dairy cows.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 96 repeat\u2010breeder primiparous and multiparous cows were assigned among three groups: control group, inseminated and do not receive progesterone treatment; P\n                      <jats:sub>400<\/jats:sub>\n                      and P\n                      <jats:sub>600<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups, inseminated and received a single\u2010intramuscular injection of 400 and 600\u00a0mg slow\u2010release progesterone 5 days after insemination, respectively. Blood sampling was carried out on Day 20 after AI for progesterone measurement and evaluation of gene expression for ISG15, MX1 and MX2 genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One injection of sustained\u2010release progesterone increased the expression of ISG15, MX1 and MX2 genes with differences between two different progesterone concentrations. For all three genes, the level of gene expression was higher in progesterone\u2010supplemented group than in control group, when P\n                      <jats:sub>400<\/jats:sub>\n                      and P\n                      <jats:sub>600<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups considered together. The level of MX2 gene expression was significantly higher in pregnant cows than non\u2010pregnant cows. There was a significant positive correlation between expression level of all three genes and blood progesterone concentration. The expression level of ISG15 gene showed a significant positive correlation with MX1 and MX2 gene expression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of this sustained\u2010release progesterone is simple and can be used in repeat\u2010breeder cows to improve fertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T09:28:50Z","timestamp":1724750930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of the effect of sustained\u2010release progesterone injection on the expression of interferon\u2010related genes in repeat\u2010breeder dairy 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