{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:25:25Z","timestamp":1790810725113,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine & Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis and diarrhoea caused by a protozoan parasite affecting vertebrates and humans. The disease is prevalent in cases of immunocompromised individuals. Despite the impact of the diseases in calf and hospitalized humans, well\u2010documented studies are not available in the study area.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection in calves and hospitalized humans and assess the major associated risk factors associated with\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection in calves and hospitalized humans.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Method<\/jats:title>\n \n A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 on calf and human\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection in Libo Kemkem District, North West Ethiopia. A total of 193 calves and 122 human stool samples admitted to the hospital were used for this study. Three kebeles were selected purposely, and individual calves were selected using a simple random sampling method. A number of sampled calves were allocated proportionally to the selected kebeles. Human samples were collected using a systematic random sampling method. Faecal and stool samples were examined using a modified Ziehl\u2013Neelsen staining method.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Result<\/jats:title>\n \n The overall prevalence of calf and human\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection found in this study was 15.5% and 11.5%, respectively. Age of calf, breed, body condition, water source, faecal consistency and hygienic condition were found significantly (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05) associated with\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection in the calf. Similarly, the source of potable water, immunocompromisation and contact with domestic animals were found to be significantly (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a00.05) associated with\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection in humans.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n There was a higher prevalence of\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection in calves and humans in Libo Kemkem District. Therefore, the implementation of proper prevention methods of zoonotic\n Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n infection between calf and human beings through significant risk factors is mandatory. Furthermore, additional studies to investigate the levels of economic importance of the disease should be conducted.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T14:28:13Z","timestamp":1726583293000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence and associated risk factors of\n Cryptosporidium<\/i>\n infection in calves and hospitalized humans in Libo Kemkem, North Western Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6932-7413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Habtamu","family":"Tamrat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yemane","family":"Tekle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Datan Agro Processing Private Limited Company"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mussie","family":"Hailemelekot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negus","family":"Belayneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andasa Livestock Research Center Bahir Dar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"An epidemiological study of Cryptosporidium infection in dairy calves on selected dairy farms of central Ethiopia","volume":"159","author":"Abebe R.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Revue de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9terinaire"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Intestinal protozoan infections among HIV positive persons with and without antiretroviral treatment (ART) in selected ART centers in Adama, Afar and Dire\u2010Dawa, Ethiopia","volume":"23","author":"Adamu H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2010.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002831"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14737\/journal.jahp\/2016\/4.2.50.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02024.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Cryptosporidiosis in calves, lambs and goat kids in Bishoftu, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"Ayana D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"African Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3219-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5372\/1905-7415.1004.493"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of cryptosporidiosis in dairy calves in Asella town, South Eastern, Ethiopia","volume":"8","author":"Berhanu F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Parasitologica Globalis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00076-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2009.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(02)00282-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.0652"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume-title":"Veterinary medicine. 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