{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:56:09Z","timestamp":1791946569484,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The present study aimed to unveil the gastroprotective potential of\n                    <jats:italic>Vaccinium macrocarpon<\/jats:italic>\n                    (VM) extract and its mechanism of action against indomethacin (INDO)\u2010induced gastric ulcers in rats. To achieve this goal, rats were pretreated with either omeprazole (20\u00a0mg\/kg) or VM (100\u00a0mg\/kg) orally for 14 consecutive days. Gastric tissue samples were collected and various parameters were evaluated to understand the mechanism of VM's action, including the levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione, CAT and transforming growth factor beta (TGF\u2010\u03b2), as well as the mRNA expression levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, nuclear factor kappa B (NF\u2010\u03baB) and inhibitor kappa B (I\u03baB). Additionally, the immunopositivity of cyclooxygenase (COX)\u20101, COX\u20102, PGE2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase\u20103 was assessed. The total amount of phenolic compounds present in the VM extract was high (58.08\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL gallic acid equivalent\/mg extract). The healing effect of VM was demonstrated by an increase in the expression of PCNA. Furthermore, the level of TGF\u2010\u03b2 was found to increase upon treatment with VM. Analyses of COX\u20101, COX\u20102 and PGE2 expression in gastric tissue confirmed the gastroprotective effect of VM. Notably, the expression of NF\u2010\u03baB was markedly reduced, whereas that of I\u03baB was substantially increased. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate that VM extract has gastroprotective and curative effects against INDO\u2010induced ulcers through its antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, mucosal regenerative and anti\u2010apoptotic activities. Therefore, VM may serve as a useful adjuvant treatment for nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs\u2013induced gastric ulcer disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T10:39:04Z","timestamp":1735814344000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["In Vivo Evidence for the Preventive Role of\n                    <i>Vaccinium macrocarpon<\/i>\n                    Aiton in Indomethacin\u2010Induced Gastric Ulcer: Focusing on Antioxidant, Anti\u2010Inflammatory and Anti\u2010Apoptotic Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2632-4324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismail Cagri","family":"Aydin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy Erzincan Binali Yildirim University  Erzincan Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8836-9547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irmak","family":"Ferah Okkay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy Ataturk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ufuk","family":"Okkay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Ataturk University  Erzurum Turkey"},{"name":"Vaccine Development Application and Research Center Ataturk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ozkaraca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Sivas Cumhuriyet University  Sivas Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Yesilyurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Ataturk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysegul","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Amasya University  Amasya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betul","family":"Cicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Erzincan Binali Yildirim University  Erzincan Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2778-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozhan","family":"Karatas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Sivas Cumhuriyet University  Sivas Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilal Kadioglu","family":"Kalkandelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Health Sciences University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilge","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Erzincan Binali Yildirim University  Erzincan Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Hacimuftuoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Ataturk University  Erzurum Turkey"},{"name":"Vaccine Development Application and Research Center Ataturk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songul","family":"Karakaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmacy Atat\u00fcrk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuhal","family":"G\u00fcvenalp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Atat\u00fcrk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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