{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T19:42:06Z","timestamp":1785267726620,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic made it difficult to obtain pharmaceutical\u2010grade injectable anaesthetics used in animal experiments in Japan. To address this problem, it is worth the effort to evaluate whether the use of non\u2010pharmaceutical\u2010grade sodium pentobarbital (PBNa) water solution can be an alternative one from the perspective of stability, physicochemical properties, bioavailability and so on. In this article, as a first step, we examined the stability of PBNa 5w\/v% aqueous solution (PBNa 5% AS). PBNa 5% AS sample was prepared simply by dissolving non\u2010pharmaceutical\u2010grade PBNa into water and was stored at 25\u00b0C and 5\u00b0C for 15 days. Visual appearance, pH, osmolality and assay (contents of PBNa and related substances) were tested. The stability test results indicated that there was no profound change in these test items of the PBNa 5% AS under either storage condition, suggesting that the formulation was sufficiently stable in such a short term. The only observable change was an increase of an impurity under 25\u00b0C storage; however, it was at a negligible level. Moreover, as the pH of the formulation remained &lt;10.0 throughout the storage period in both conditions, the irritant level of the pH is considered to be acceptable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the stability and physicochemical properties, PBNa 5% AS can be an alternative injectable anaesthetic when access to pharmaceutical\u2010grade anaesthetics is limited, as long as used in short\u2010term from its preparation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T07:30:56Z","timestamp":1729927856000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stability of Sodium Pentobarbital 5w\/v% Aqueous Solution During Short\u2010Term Chilled and Ambient\u2010Temperature Storage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Dohi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratories, Research &amp; Development Division Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratories, Research &amp; Development Division Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9552-0217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Yamagiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratories, Research &amp; Development Division Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsuko","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratories, Research &amp; Development Division Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratories, Research &amp; Development Division Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Stable Pentobarbital Formulation","author":"Brynjelsen S. E.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581815622442"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Use of Non\u2010Pharmaceutical Grade Chemicals and Compounds in Laboratory Animals","author":"Indiana University alternatively","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals","author":"Institute for Laboratory Animal Research","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30802\/AALAS\u2010JAALAS\u201019\u2010000081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731\u20107085(96)02045\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2015.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ce06659a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","volume-title":"Use of Non\u2010Pharmaceutical Grade Compounds in Animals","author":"University of Illinois Urbana\u2010Champaign","year":"2021"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.70066","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T10:02:35Z","timestamp":1745488955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.70066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.70066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.70066","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70066\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70066\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70066"}}