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This study investigates the seasonal variations in the response to hCG treatment in male dogs, focusing on its effects on testicular blood flow and plasma concentrations of testosterone and oestrogen. Conducted across different seasons (spring, summer, fall and winter), the study utilised colour Doppler ultrasonography to measure testicular haemodynamics and analysed hormonal levels at multiple time points post\u2010hCG injection. The findings revealed that the response to hCG is modulated by seasonal factors, with significant variations in both blood flow and hormone levels. A significant negative relationship was indicated between testicular blood flow and testosterone levels, particularly during spring and summer. These results suggest that seasonality should be considered when administering hCG for reproductive treatments in canines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T06:19:33Z","timestamp":1731478773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Seasonal Influence on the Impact of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) on Testicular Haemodynamics and Hormonal Responses in Canines: A Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0841-4123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behnam","family":"Nadali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Karaj branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7441-7413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arman","family":"Abdous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Karaj branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0566-2761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nima","family":"Karami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Karaj branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4888-4119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Jokar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  Calgary Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6740-0610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ourang Ataie","family":"Amarloie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Karaj branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0852-2407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehran","family":"Farhoodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Karaj branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12131605"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Evaluation of Testicular Blood Flow and Ultrasonographic Measurements in Rams With Emphasis on Laterality","volume":"10","author":"Hedia M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2305-0500.275635"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Applications of PMSG and HCG in assisted reproductive technology in animals","volume":"58","author":"Hien N. 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