{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:16:31Z","timestamp":1772118991232,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the inhibitory effect of flunixin meglumine and meloxicam on the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract in male cattle. Tissue samples, including the abomasum, ileum, proximal loop and centripetal gyri of the ascending colon, were collected from routinely slaughtered male cattle. These samples were sectioned into strips and mounted in an isolated tissue bath system. Smooth muscle contractions were evoked using carbachol, and cumulative doses of atropine, flunixin meglumine and meloxicam were administered to assess smooth muscle activity. Atropine, used as a positive control, did not abolish contractions in the abomasum and centripetal gyri tissues, even at a high concentration of 10\u00a0\u00b5M. Based on area\u2010under\u2010curve values, flunixin meglumine demonstrated a greater inhibitory effect than meloxicam by factors of 8.57, 4.28, 12.44 and 3.93 in the abomasum, ileum, proximal loop and centripetal gyri tissues, respectively. For beats\u2010per\u2010minute values, flunixin meglumine exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect than meloxicam by factors of 7.22, 3.88, 7.03 and 3.35 in the abomasum, ileum, proximal loop and centripetal gyri tissues, respectively. Finally, based on peak maximum values, flunixin meglumine's inhibitory effect was 6.13, 4.43, 7.07 and 7.02 times greater than that of meloxicam in the abomasum, ileum, proximal loop and centripetal gyri tissues, respectively. In conclusion, flunixin meglumine was more potent than meloxicam in inhibiting smooth muscle activity. Conversely, meloxicam is associated with fewer adverse effects due to its selective action on the cyclooxygenase\u20102 enzyme. However, flunixin meglumine may be more advantageous than meloxicam for applications in beef and milk production due to its shorter residue elimination time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T10:27:40Z","timestamp":1736504860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of the Inhibitory Effects of Flunixin Meglumine and Meloxicam on the Smooth Muscles Motility of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cattle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Saima","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ondokuz Mayis University  Samsun T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8634-5752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yavuz Kursad","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ondokuz Mayis University  Samsun T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdurrahman","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ondokuz Mayis University  Samsun T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1984.45.04.795"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Comparison of the Efficacies of Meloxicam and Flunixin Meglumine on some Haemostatic Variables in Dehorned Holstein Heifers","volume":"14","author":"Ak\u0131n I.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi Veteriner Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476\u20105381"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2008.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014\u20102999(97)01563"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2319\u20102003.ijbcp20150867"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Effects of Pain and Nonsteroid Anti\u2010Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) After Abomasal Displacement Operations of Cattle","volume":"26","author":"Erol H.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Large Animal Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2017.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"A Review on Flunixin Meglumine","volume":"1","author":"Hassan F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Medicine Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000139352.54676.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.10.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36387-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102885"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2000.61.1259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"467","volume-title":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics","author":"Lees P.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.03.320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00458.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.6.614"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474\u20108673"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042\u20103306.2011.00398"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12455"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0262\u20101746(82)90051\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12224"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000028408"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","volume-title":"Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs Small and Large Animals","author":"Papich M. 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