{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:15:55Z","timestamp":1772118955375,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The urine dipstick strip test is used for detecting urinary leukocytes and protein; however, factors like specific gravity, pH and infection may affect accuracy. Concerns exist regarding white blood cells interfering with the urine protein\u2010to\u2010creatinine (UP\/C) ratio, a key test for proteinuria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine whether the results of the leukocyte esterase test affect the UP\/C ratio in canine urine samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 186 canine urine samples were collected. The dipstick strip leukocyte esterase test was used to classify the specimens into two groups: leukocyte strip\u2010positive (+) and leukocyte strip\u2010negative (\u2212). The UP\/C ratio was then measured for all samples employing the Catalyst One biochemical analyser.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The absolute value of the correlation coefficient between leukocyte strip status (\u00b1) and the UP\/C ratio was 0.014 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.849), indicating no significant correlation. When applying the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) grading criteria and setting the threshold for abnormal UP\/C at \u2265 0.2, no significant correlation was found between leukocyte strip status and abnormal UP\/C (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.490). When categorising the UP\/C ratio according to IRIS classification criteria, the absolute value of the correlation coefficient between leukocyte strip status and UP\/C classification was 0.032 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.661), again showing no association. These findings suggest that a positive leukocyte esterase test does not interfere with the UP\/C ratio.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of a positive leukocyte esterase test does not affect the UP\/C ratio in canine urine samples. Therefore, the UP\/C ratio test can be performed regardless of the results of the leukocyte esterase test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:08:18Z","timestamp":1753888098000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship between Urine Protein\u2010To\u2010Creatinine Ratio and Leukocyte Esterase in Canine Urine Samples"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chen\u2010Yin","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine National Chung Hsing University  Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsun\u2010Li","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital National Chung Hsing University  Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3767-7296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng\u2010Hung","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine National Chung Hsing University  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital National Chung Hsing University  Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12810"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1991.tb00933.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456329303000502"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"Canine and Feline Nephrology and Urology","author":"Chew D. 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