{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:54:20Z","timestamp":1792443260843,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Brucellosis is a severe zoonotic infection impacting dairy cattle, requiring accurate diagnostic assays for efficient control programs. This cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in Alborz Province, Iran, to assess the diagnostic efficacy of four serological tests for\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    detection. One thousand serum samples were obtained from dairy cattle and analysed over 1\u00a0year of age. Furthermore, milk specimens from seropositive cows were cultured for bacteriological analysis. Serological testing detected\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    antibodies in 33% of samples using RBT, 19.4% by SAT, 17.6% by 2\u2010ME and 33.5% by I\u2010ELISA. Bacterial culture detected\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in 16.6% of seropositive milk samples, with all isolates classified as\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    biovar 3. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each test. Bayesian latent class analysis revealed that I\u2010ELISA demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in dairy cattle, with superior sensitivity and specificity. In contrast, SAT and 2\u2010ME exhibited high specificity but lower sensitivity, while RBT showed moderate sensitivity with low specificity. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed based on the results obtained from the Bayesian latent class analysis to further evaluate the diagnostic performance of the tests. Furthermore, the ROC curve analysis showed that SAT and 2\u2010ME displayed strong concordance with RBT. The ideal threshold for SAT and 2\u2010ME titers was established at 5.00, optimising sensitivity and specificity. Cohen's kappa analysis assessed agreement levels, revealing that RBT demonstrated the highest concordance with I\u2010ELISA. The results indicate that although RBT offers a simple screening approach, its sensitivity constraints require validation by I\u2010ELISA. A significant portion of infected animals (20%) might be undetected using RBT. These findings underscore the need for various serological assays to identify brucellosis in endemic areas accurately.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T15:11:21Z","timestamp":1755184281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Diagnostic Performance of Four Serological Assays for Bovine Brucellosis and Optimised Cutoff Thresholds in an Endemic Region of Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Faranak","family":"Abnaroodheleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnosis and Treatment Department Tehran Veterinary Organization  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youcef","family":"Shahali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Besan\u00e7on  Besan\u00e7on France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5831-801X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Dadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brucellosis Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Brucellosis in the Mediterranean Countries: History, Prevalence, Distribution, Current Situation and Attempts at Surveillance and Control","author":"Abdeen A.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15085"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Prevalence of Bovine and Human Brucellosis in Western Algeria: Comparison of Screening Tests","volume":"12","author":"Aggad H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-021-02645-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-023-03519-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"1107","article-title":"The Control Program of Brucellosis by the Iranian Veterinary Organization in Industrial Dairy Cattle Farms","volume":"78","author":"Alamian S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Archives of Razi Institute"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"Techniques for the Brucellosis laboratory","author":"Alton G.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2023.106079"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-012-0252-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-025-10822-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14141546"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Indirect and Competitive ELISA as a Tool for Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Vaccinated and Infected Cattle","volume":"57","author":"Bassiony M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009630"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy of Rose Bengal Plate Test, Standard Tube Agglutination Test and Dot ELISA in Immunological Detection of Antibodies to Brucella abortus in Sera","volume":"1","author":"Chachra D.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume-title":"Brucellosis in Humans and Animals","author":"Corbel M. 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