{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:13:38Z","timestamp":1787066018404,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a fungal disease caused by various species of the genus\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , poses a significant threat to the health and productivity of turkeys.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The current review aims to synthesize current knowledge regarding the aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and management strategies associated with\n                      <jats:italic>aspergillosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in turkeys.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A simple narrative literature review was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases to identify relevant studies published in peer\u2010reviewed journals. The review focused on the pathogenesis of\n                      <jats:italic>aspergillosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in turkeys, clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques and therapeutic strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      typically results from environmental exposure to spores, particularly in settings with poor ventilation and high temperature and humidity, leading to respiratory distress and systemic disease. Clinical signs can vary widely, ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe systemic illness, which complicates diagnosis due to overlap with other respiratory diseases. Diagnostic approaches include clinical evaluation, necropsy findings and laboratory tests such as fungal culture and molecular techniques. Effective management requires a multifaceted strategy that encompasses improved biosecurity measures, environmental control and appropriate treatment protocols.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Understanding the epidemiology and impact of\n                      <jats:italic>aspergillosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is crucial for developing effective preventive strategies and mitigating its economic consequences in turkey production. This review underscores the need for continued research to enhance diagnostic capabilities and therapeutic options, ultimately contributing to better health outcomes in turkey populations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T08:33:23Z","timestamp":1758702803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Review on\n                    <i>Aspergillosis<\/i>\n                    in Turkey: As a Main Fungal Disease in Poultry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ansam Naji Aboud","family":"Alhassani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Al kitab University, College of Pharmacy Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman T.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of Al Maarif Al Anbar Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Sanghvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marwadi University Research Center Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Marwadi University Rajkot Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subbulakshmi","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences JAIN (Deemed to be University)  Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussein Riyadh Abdul Kareem","family":"Al\u2010Hetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Anbar, Ramadi Anbar Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. B.","family":"Sapaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of the Department of Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University Tashkent Uzbekistan"},{"name":"Scientific Researcher University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences  Tashkent Uzbekistan"},{"name":"Western Caspian University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhayveer","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research Impact &amp; Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Rajpura Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puneet","family":"Sudan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Chandigarh Pharmacy College Chandigarh Group of Colleges\u2014Jhanjeri Mohali Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0926-7428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasser Fakri","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy University of Mosul Mosul Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2725-1091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majid","family":"Gholami\u2010Ahangaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University  Shahrekord Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_22_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36380\/jwpr.2019.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40506-023-00269-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1607966"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-74786-2_57-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2021.100115"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2017.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119371199.ch25"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5958\/0973-970X.2016.00090.0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_22_10_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Review on Major Fungal Disease of Poultry","volume":"6","author":"Asfaw M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Poultry Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105713"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-2862-5.50043-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2020.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/coan.2016.21.1.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2023.2257895"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_16_1","volume-title":"Diseases of Poultry","author":"Charlton B. R.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28170-4_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00143"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119371199.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jox14010007"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-805306-5.00031-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S234610"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2019.108292"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818708-1.00010-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_22_25_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Animal Models of Aspergillosis","volume":"68","author":"Desoubeaux G.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comparative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119421481.ch25"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8040390"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00625-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2021.0929"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450701332337"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_22_31_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Optimizing Poultry Production Through Advanced Monitoring and Control Systems","volume":"1","author":"George A. S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Partners Universal International Innovation Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2017.24.1.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2015.1080731"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_22_34_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Tetracycline Resistant Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated From Enteric Disease in Companion Birds","volume":"13","author":"Gholami\u2010Ahangaran M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Veterinary Research Forum"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.13429"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416508"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_37_1","volume-title":"Avian Medicine","author":"Guzman D. S. M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51585\/gjvr.2021.0002"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818708-1.00023-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-817998-7.00011-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-63318-8_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1696946"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52512-3.00183-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01409-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9781789245042.0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/acve-2019-0016"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1141456"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-023-00461-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-5165-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_50_1","volume-title":"Diseases of Poultry","author":"Kuncle R. A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003575528-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00140-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_53_1","unstructured":"Li S.2014. \u201cEffects of Fusarium T\u20102 Toxin on Avian Aspergillosis.\u201d Doctoral diss. Ghent University."},{"key":"e_1_2_22_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.13000"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilab008"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822013000200024"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8020285"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10050598"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8122037"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2019.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933917000022"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-811971-6.00009-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2021.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japr.2024.100457"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14071087"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10520290410001729340"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2021.151833"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_68_1","volume-title":"Clinical Allergy","author":"Prasad K. N.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12161-020-01805-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgac248"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01103470"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_73_1","first-page":"380","article-title":"Aspergillosis: An Occupational Zoonotic Disease","volume":"4","author":"Rizwan M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zoonosis, Unique Scientific Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.culher.2021.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_75_1","first-page":"571","article-title":"Mitigating Potential of Three Phytogenic Feed Additives in Broilers Exposed to Dietary Aflatoxin","volume":"12","author":"Salako A. O.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2024.2316025"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00283"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-011-3689-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315137988-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx104"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myv067"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56808\/2985-1130.2707"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ejvs.2023.234624.1602"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_22_84_1","first-page":"324","article-title":"Differential Diagnoses for Diseases of Poultry Based on Organ Systems and Other Outlines","volume":"5","author":"Shivaprasad H. L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avian Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-71302-7_24"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_86_1","volume-title":"Mycology Manual","author":"Shtayeh M. S. A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.05.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818708-1.00026-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20499361241253751"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9050586"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-18586-2_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/acve-2017-0044"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10181-011-0123-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myaa069"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_96_1","volume-title":"Review of Current Research Regarding the use of Medicinal Cannabis for MS and MND Symptom Management","author":"Walker K.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.923238"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300460"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_99_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Identification of Microbial and Gaseous Contaminants in Poultry Farms and Developing Methods for Contamination Prevention at the Source","volume":"15","author":"Witkowska D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poultry Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.127173"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011445"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.70605","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.70605","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.70605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T12:14:19Z","timestamp":1774268059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.70605"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.70605"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.70605","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70605\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70605"}}