{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:49:16Z","timestamp":1791798556261,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Canine degenerative myelopathy (CDM) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that impacts the spinal cord, resulting in paralysis in dogs. CDM is linked to a missense mutation in the superoxide dismutase 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>SOD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene. This study aimed to examine the presence of the SOD1:c.118G&gt;A mutation in the German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, Pomeranian, Toy Poodle and native Kangal Shepherd dog breeds in T\u00fcrkiye.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Blood samples (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0161) from five breeds, collected from six provinces across five geographic regions of T\u00fcrkiye, were tested for the prevalence of the mutant allele associated with CDM. All dogs were clinically healthy and sampled for genetic testing. Genotyping was performed using the PCR\u2010RFLP method and gel electrophoresis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genotyping of dogs revealed that 141 had the homozygous wild\u2010type genotype (GG), 20 were heterozygous carriers (AG), and there were no homozygous mutant (AA) individuals. The mutant A allele was determined in Kangal Shepherd, German Shepherd and Toy Poodle dog breeds. The frequency of the mutant allele in the investigated population was identified as 0.062. It was determined that the mutant allele, which was not previously reported in the Kangal Shepherds, was present, and the mutant allele frequency revealed 0.057.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SOD1:c.118G&gt;A mutation is present in dog breeds in T\u00fcrkiye, and is also detected in the Kangal Shepherd, an ancient breed. This finding underscores the importance of genetic testing in dogs, as it is crucial to prevent the spread of mutations in different canine populations. Carrier dogs can be clinically identified to prevent breeding and reduce CDM incidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T11:07:23Z","timestamp":1773486443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Breed Distribution of the Superoxide Dismutase 1 Gene Polymorphism Associated With Degenerative Myelopathy in a Canine Population From Different Geographical Regions of T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5176-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merve","family":"Y\u00fcksel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology Institute of Health Science Erciyes University  Kayseri T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Genetics F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1724-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerem","family":"Ege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7827-1935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilayda","family":"Karaku\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7548-9830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilal","family":"Aky\u00fcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Genetics Erciyes University  Kayseri T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2017.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2024.2992-2997"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1973.162.12.1045"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812297106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17533\/udea.rccp.v31n2a08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.183.09.998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16829"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074811"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb01955.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2010.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13081403"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Kangal Dog Breeding and Breed Characteristics","volume":"9","author":"Da\u015fk\u0131ran \u0130.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Van Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc Y\u0131l \u00dcni Fen Bilim Enst Derg"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/acve-2020-0012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010651"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"FCI.2025. \u201cF\u00e9d\u00e9ration Cynologique Internationale\u2014Kangal Shepherd Dog.\u201d Accessed February 15.https:\/\/www.fci.be\/en\/nomenclature\/KANGAL\u2010SHEPHERD\u2010DOG\u2010331.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2010.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14182712"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1488-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1192744"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2052-6687-1-10"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","first-page":"1963","article-title":"Degenerative Myelopathy in Brazilian Golden Retriever: Evaluation of the Association With Allele Frequency of the SOD1: c. 118G>A Variant","volume":"52","author":"Ito F. I. U.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Scientiae Veterinariae"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rama.2019.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dam.2008.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ajavsp.2019.115.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2023.104959"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0281215"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12131647"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.08-VP-0270-M-BC"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcam.2023.100844"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zool.2015.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/coan.2015.20.7.408"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12383"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","unstructured":"OMIA.2025. \u201cOnline Mendelian Inheritance in Animals.\u201d Accessed February 13.https:\/\/omia.org\/home\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242347"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-019-02025-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","first-page":"3393","article-title":"Turkish Kangal (Karabash) Shepherd Dogs Raised in Europe","volume":"9","author":"Yilmaz O.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Pure and Applied Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12317"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188543"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.70725","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.70725","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.70725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:25:48Z","timestamp":1791797148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.70725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.70725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.70725","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v3\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v3\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v2\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/VMS3.70725\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70725"}}