{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T17:00:47Z","timestamp":1785085247603,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Epizootic lymphangitis (EEL), caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Histoplasma capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n                      var.\n                      <jats:italic>farciminosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (HCF), is a neglected equine fungal disease lacking effective vaccines. The newly developed inactivated \u20188ZH\u2019 vaccine requires safety validation in the target species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the biochemical, haematological and clinical safety of the inactivated HCF \u20188ZH\u2019 vaccine in foals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A controlled, single\u2010blinded study was conducted on 30 clinically healthy foals (4\u20136\u00a0months), randomized into vaccinated (n\u00a0=\u00a015) and control (n\u00a0=\u00a015) groups. Vaccinated animals received a 5\u00a0mL intramuscular dose (10\u00a0mg antigen, MONTANIDE GEL 01 PR adjuvant) on Day 0 and a booster on Day 21. Clinical observations (temperature, appetite, behaviour, injection site) were recorded daily. Blood was collected at baseline and on Days 7, 14, 21, 35 and 42 for biochemical, haematological and acute\u2010phase protein analysis. Data were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No severe or adverse reactions were observed. Mild, transient injection\u2010site swelling (&lt;\u00a04\u00a0cm) occurred in three vaccinated foals and resolved spontaneously. All animals maintained normal temperature and appetite. AST showed a transient increase on Day 14 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.04); WBC also rose (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.03), indicating a typical immune response. Other parameters, including ALT, GGT, creatinine, total bilirubin and acute\u2010phase proteins (SAA, fibrinogen, haptoglobin), remained within physiological limits. No statistically significant long\u2010term deviations or toxic effects were noted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inactivated HCF \u20188ZH\u2019 vaccine demonstrated a favourable safety profile in foals. These results support its continued development for use in EEL prevention programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T18:48:56Z","timestamp":1767811736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluating the Biochemical and Haematological Safety of the\n                    <i>Histoplasma capsulatum<\/i>\n                    var.\n                    <i>farciminosum<\/i>\n                    \u20188ZH\u2019 Vaccine in Foals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9839-6199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabira E.","family":"Alpysbayeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1998-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akbope A.","family":"Abdykalyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5541-9146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kali","family":"Tileukhanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Al\u2010Farabi Kazakh National University  Almaty Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4585-7476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azamat R.","family":"Abdimukhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1906-746X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alinur T.","family":"Toleukhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0650-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makhpal K.","family":"Sarmykova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3884-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aktoty M.","family":"Anarbekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4486-3188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeraly A.","family":"Shayakhmetov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4361-5676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazym S.","family":"Syrym","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0843-1983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergazy Sh.","family":"Nurabaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3312-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bolat A.","family":"Yespembetov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems National Holding \u201cQazBioPharm  Otar Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.762937"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36759\/svj.2018.029"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"A Review of Epizootic Lymphangitis and Ulcerative Lymphangitis in Nigeria: Misnomer or Misdiagnosis?","volume":"28","author":"Addo P. 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