{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:22:50Z","timestamp":1791613370222,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of betaine on the performance, blood biochemistry, intestinal lesion score and nutrient utilization of broiler chickens exposed to coccidian challenge. A total of 600 one\u2010day\u2010old broiler chicks (Ross 708) were randomly assigned to five groups (six replicates). The negative control group (NC) remained unchallenged and received non\u2010supplemented feed, while the positive control group (PC) received non\u2010supplemented feed and was challenged with oocysts. The other three groups (B2, B4 and B6) were challenged with oocysts and received feed supplemented with 200, 400 and 600\u00a0mg\/kg betaine, respectively. Results indicated a significant decrease in growth performance, nutrient digestibility and altered blood lipid profiles in the PC group, with the most significant restoration observed in the B6 group. Caecal lesion scores were also notably restored in the B4 and B6 groups among the infected broilers. In conclusion, betaine supplementation at a rate of 600\u00a0mg\/kg demonstrated improvements in growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemistry and caecal lesion scores in broilers experimentally exposed to coccidiosis. However, the findings cannot be considered 100% conclusive, as variations in breed, management practices and infection severity may influence outcomes. The major limitation of this study is that it was conducted under controlled experimental conditions, which may not fully reflect field circumstances. Future research should explore different genetic strains, longer trial durations and combinations of betaine with other anticoccidial alternatives to better validate and extend these results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T16:44:33Z","timestamp":1768754673000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Betaine on Performance, Blood Biochemistry, Nutrient Utilization and Gut Health in Coccidia\u2010Infected Broilers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Abdul","family":"Hafeez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usama","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabana","family":"Naz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0924-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rifat Ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Lab College of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0934-0097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Israr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Task Health Care Limited  Ilford London, UK United\u00a0Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7998-0344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ala","family":"Abudabos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Animal Sciences College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim A.","family":"Alhidary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2025.268"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2024.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2024.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/aoas-2023-0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.2025.2526393"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"468","article-title":"Effect of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L.) 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