{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:49:16Z","timestamp":1791798556336,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury is a critical problem that can occur following multiple clinical procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aimed to investigate the effects of bromelain on intestinal damage caused by ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury in rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups control (CTR,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6), intestinal ischemia\u2010reperfusion (I\u2010IR,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6) and intestinal ischemia reperfusion+bromelain (I\u2010IR+BRO,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6). Bromelain (40\u00a0mg\/kg) was given orally 30 min before the ischemia period to the animals in I\u2010IR+BRO group. In the I\u2010IR and I\u2010IR+BRO groups, ischemia\u2010reperfusion was performed with 1\u2010h ligation of the superior mesenteric artery and 1\u2010h reperfusion by opening the ligatures. At the end of the reperfusion period, blood and intestinal tissue samples were collected post euthanasia. Blood samples were analysed for ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, BUN and creatinine to assess liver and kidney function. TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 concentrations were evaluated in both sera and tissue samples to determine the inflammatory response. Finally, Lipid peroxidation of the intestines was assessed by measuring MDA levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, BUN and creatinine levels were significantly elevated after I\/R, but markedly reduced by BRO treatment. Serum and tissue TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2 concentrations increased in both IR groups in comparison to the CTR group. However, these values decreased in the I\u2010IR+BRO group when compared to the I\u2010IR group. Histopathological scores were lower in the I\u2010I\/R+BRO group compared with the I\u2010I\/R group; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bromelain administration alleviated the pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, and the harmful effects experienced by the intestinal tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:57:40Z","timestamp":1770278260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Influence of Bromelain Administration on Pro\u2010Inflammatory Cytokines and Lipid Peroxidation in a Rat Model of Intestinal Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131","family":"G\u00fcltekin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Near East University  Nicosia T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3297-5369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan","family":"Sayiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Near East University  Nicosia T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eule","family":"\u00c7etinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine Marmara University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5175-9290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet \u00d6zer","family":"\u015eehirli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry Near East University  Nicosia T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.02.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/turkjsurg.2018.3952"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"1416","article-title":"Mesenteric Ischemia\u2010Reperfusion: An Overview of Preclinical Drug Strategies","volume":"23","author":"Bertoni S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug 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