{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:16:29Z","timestamp":1787922989470,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a major pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections in both animals and humans, and the increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistance highlights the need for effective surveillance tools. Cefquinome, a fourth\u2010generation cephalosporin, is widely used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of infections caused by Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria, including\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In this study, 110\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains were isolated from cattle and subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination using standardised agar dilution and microdilution methods. MIC values were obtained following 24 h incubation in 96\u2010well plates. The MIC distribution was analysed using goodness\u2010of\u2010fit testing and non\u2010linear least squares regression to establish the wild\u2010type cut\u2010off value (COWT). The MIC range for cefquinome against\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    was 0.03\u20132 \u00b5g\/mL, and the epidemiological cut\u2010off value (ECV) was determined to be 2 \u00b5g\/mL, encompassing 99.1% of the wild\u2010type population. An MIC value of 0.5 \u00b5g\/mL covered 95% of the distribution, indicating its potential relevance for resistance monitoring. These findings provide a scientific basis for cefquinome susceptibility interpretation in cattle and support antimicrobial resistance surveillance. Further studies are warranted to develop population pharmacokinetic models for cefquinome in calves to optimise its therapeutic application.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.70995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T12:43:52Z","timestamp":1781873032000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishing the Epidemiological Cut\u2010Off Value (ECOFF) for Cefquinome Against\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Using Standardised MIC Data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ijaz","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shakoor","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Faizan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahab Ahmad","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabana","family":"Naz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Israr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Cardiff University  Wales UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rifat Ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences The University of Agriculture  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Perillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and and Ionic Area (DIMEPRE\u2010J) Veterinary medical sciences University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019  Valenzano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huda A.","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi 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