{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:16:32Z","timestamp":1787922992006,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The importance of sperm cryopreservation in cattle production is that it enables the flow of genetic variation and the speedy distribution of genetically superior bulls. Nevertheless, there are still considerable technological gaps because the quality of post\u2010thaw sperm is always poor and differs significantly across breeding bulls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this review was to investigate the origin of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the process of bovine sperm cryopreservation, discuss the effects of ROS\u2010induced injury, and present the current knowledge of the measures the researcher can take to alleviate the impact of oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A thorough literature review was made by searching the relevant scientific databases with the keywords: bull sperm cryopreservation, ROS, oxidative stress, antioxidants, non\u2010antioxidants approaches and post\u2010thaw sperm quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Freeze\u2013thaw stress causes extreme cellular and molecular stress and ROS overproduction, which is one of the major causes of sperm damage. The main causes of ROS production are changes in osmotic pressure, the presence of ice crystals, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative burst. In turn, excessive production of ROS causes lipid peroxidation of the plasma membrane, oxidation of proteins, fragmentation of the DNA and dysfunction of the mitochondria, which eventually decreases the sperm motility, viability and fertilization capacity. Enzymatic and non\u2010enzymatic antioxidants, plant extract, nanoparticles, mitochondria\u2010targeted antioxidants and non\u2010antioxidants approaches have proven to be effective in curbing oxidative damage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevention of oxidative imbalance in cryopreservation is an important factor that can increase the quality of post\u2010thaw sperm and increase the success of artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization programmes in cattle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T15:35:52Z","timestamp":1782747352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reactive Oxygen Species\u2010Induced Damage in Cryopreserved Bovine Sperm: Mitigation Strategies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0199-5308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mst. Mahomudha","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Bangladesh Agricultural University  Mymensingh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6775-0790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakib","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Bangladesh Agricultural University  Mymensingh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4358-8142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afia Mahmuda","family":"Meem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Bangladesh Agricultural University  Mymensingh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4488-8907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afiya Fairuz","family":"Lubaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Bangladesh Agricultural University  Mymensingh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Kamrul Hasan","family":"Kazal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bangladesh Agricultural University  Mymensingh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-16410-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15414\/jmbfs.2017.6.6.1319-1322"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.2014.32.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-02015-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12681\/jhvms.28206"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2025.2546551"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/1371\/7\/072046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4162-12060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10050508"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"The Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation in Semen Extenders on Semen Quality and Lipid Peroxidation of Chilled Bull Spermatozoa","volume":"13","author":"Asadpour R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2021.106697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15030439"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12975"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23168852"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/360438"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Aziz N.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2017.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03253-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2010.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/contagri-2019-0015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2795(200003)55:3<282::AID-MRD6>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21451\/1984-3143-AR2018-0041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242317005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2018.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12411"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12060827"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","first-page":"783","article-title":"Anti\u2010Oxidative Effects of Ethanol Extract of Origanum vulgare on Kinetics, Microscopic and Oxidative Parameters of Cryopreserved Holstein Bull Spermatozoa","volume":"6","author":"Daghigh Kia H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5424\/sjar\/2014121-4486"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12762"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2090598X.2019.1599624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2016.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1376057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12980\/apjr.6.20170306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjr.2016.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1627878"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14040402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2022.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15414\/jmbfs.2017\/18.7.3.235-239"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10071025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod67.6.1811"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.1003911"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"In Vitro Supplementation of Nano Selenium Minimizes Freeze\u2013Thaw\u2010Induced Damage to Ram Spermatozoa","volume":"8","author":"Hozyen H. 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