{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:16:33Z","timestamp":1787922993971,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002679","name":"Adnan Menderes \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VTF\u201024038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VTF\u201024038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002679","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a major cause of haemorrhagic enteritis in juvenile dogs, yet its potential ocular effects have not been systematically investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether naturally acquired CPV infection in juvenile dogs is associated with alterations in tear production, intraocular pressure, corneal integrity, fundoscopic findings, and ocular ultrasonographic measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy client\u2010owned dogs under 6 months of age were included: 35 with confirmed CPV infection and 35 healthy controls. Before treatment, all animals underwent standardised ophthalmic examination including Schirmer tear test\u2010I (STT\u2010I), intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, fluorescein staining, fundoscopic examination, and ocular ultrasonography. In CPV\u2010infected dogs, dehydration severity (mild 5%\u20138%, moderate 8%\u201310%, severe \u226510%) was graded clinically for exploratory analyses. Continuous variables were compared using Student's\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test or Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      test, and categorical variables using\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      or Fisher's exact tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CPV\u2010infected dogs had significantly lower STT\u2010I and IOP values than controls. Fluorescein staining was positive in 27\/35 (77.1%) infected dogs and absent in controls. Fundoscopic abnormalities, including retinal vessel beading, chorioretinitis, and optic neuritis, were detected in 28\/35 (80%) infected dogs, whereas all controls had normal findings. Ocular ultrasonographic parameters did not differ between groups. Dehydration severity did not significantly affect STT\u2010I, IOP, or fluorescein results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CPV infection in juvenile dogs is associated with reduced tear production, ocular hypotony, frequent corneal epithelial defects, and posterior segment abnormalities, indicating that CPV may involve both the ocular surface and fundus in addition to the gastrointestinal system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T14:37:17Z","timestamp":1782657437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ocular Manifestations of Canine Parvovirus in Juvenile Dogs: Tear Production, Intraocular Pressure, Fundoscopic Findings, and Ultrasonographic Measurements"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0589-5686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yalcin Alper","family":"Ozturan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Aydin Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7402-9031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahime","family":"Yaygingul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Aydin Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5197-2403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Gultekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Aydin Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Sarierler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Aydin Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Akin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Aydin Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.105.8.156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-072160561-6.50021-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463\u20105224.2010.00820.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.141.21.539"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705\u2010013\u20101914\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463\u20105224.2009.00699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"599","volume-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmology","author":"Featherstone H. J.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985817725387"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Findings and Diagnosis of Canine Parvo Viral Infection \u2013 A Mini Review","volume":"1","author":"Geetha M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmic Surgery\u2010E\u2010Book: Veterinary Ophthalmic Surgery\u2010E\u2010Book","author":"Gelatt K. N.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32707\/ercivet.1587417"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010011\u20102143\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1482948"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0103\u20108478cr20141214"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31196\/huvfd.591127"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.82.11.903"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2020.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000540"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"173","article-title":"Clinical and Histopathological Study of the Eye in Canine Leishmaniasis","volume":"48","author":"Molleda J. M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA\u2010MS\u20107444"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1534\u20106935.2004.04020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"398","article-title":"Optic Neuritis Caused by Canine Distemper Virus in a Jack Russell Terrier","volume":"52","author":"Richards T. R.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1609020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12829"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.251.9.1035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/javar.2018.e251"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746\u20101596\u20103\u201021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2022.101765"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12561"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12196"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine and Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.71063","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/vms3.71063","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vms3.71063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:17:02Z","timestamp":1787919422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/vms3.71063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/vms3.71063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.71063","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-1095","2053-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-1095","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71063"}}