{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:16:18Z","timestamp":1787922978899,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High\u2010quality colostrum is essential to prevent failed transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in calves, and research on colostrum substitutes has continued over time when quality colostrum is unavailable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the effects of fresh colostrum (COL), colostrum powder (POW) and a combination (MIX) on TPI in neonatal calves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010five neonatal Holstein\u2010Friesian calves were divided into COL (4\u00a0L fresh colostrum), POW (1080\u00a0g colostrum powder in 4\u00a0L water) and MIX (540\u00a0g powder in 4\u00a0L colostrum) groups. Total protein (TP), Brix%, and IgG concentrations were measured at 0 and 24\u00a0h. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression assessed their predictive power for FTPI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 24\u00a0h, the Brix%, TP and IgG values for the COL, POW and MIX groups were as follows (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0standard error; median [interquartile range]): Brix%: 9.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3 (9.4 [8.2\u201310]), 9.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 (9.6 [8.8\u20139.8]) and 10.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 (10.4 [9.6\u201310.8]); TP(g\/dL): 5.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 (5.8 [4.8\u20136.8]), 5.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 (5.8 [5.5\u20136.2]) and 6.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 (6.6 [6.2\u20137.4]); IgG(g\/L): 16.09\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.48 (16.31 [15.02\u201317.8]), 15.02\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.58 (14.91 [13.05\u201317.68]) and 18.03\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.29 (18.04 [16.91\u201319.25]), respectively. Compared to the POW and COL groups, the MIX group had higher IgG, TP and Brix% values at 24\u00a0h. Area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.72, 0.73 and 0.82 for Brix%, TP and IgG, respectively, with IgG showing the highest discriminatory power among the evaluated parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colostrum powder was as effective as fresh colostrum in providing sufficient TPI. Combining colostrum powder with quality colostrum further enhances immunity levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T17:27:08Z","timestamp":1784568428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of the Effectiveness of Colostrum, Colostrum Powder and Combined Feeding on Transfer of Passive Immunity in Calves"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8389-4833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u011fit","family":"Ka\u00e7ar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine  Bursa T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6871-8743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Emin","family":"Akka\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine  Bursa T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2021.e98"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11800"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2016.1184109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8415"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"120","volume-title":"S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlarda S\u00fcr\u00fc Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Y\u00f6netimi","author":"Batmaz H.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Semptomdan Tan\u0131ya Tan\u0131dan Sa\u011falt\u0131ma","author":"Batmaz H.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"72","volume-title":"S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlarda S\u00fcr\u00fc Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ve Y\u00f6netimi","author":"Batmaz H.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"82","volume-title":"S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlarda S\u00fcr\u00fc Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Y\u00f6netimi","author":"Batmaz H.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlarda S\u00fcr\u00fc Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Y\u00f6netimi","author":"Batmaz H.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1433"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2005.00614.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2017.1361876"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/s1519-9940200242019","article-title":"Passive Transfer of Immunity in Dairy Calves With Additional Consumption of Immunoglobulin Through Colostrum Supplement: Effects in Health and Performance","volume":"20","author":"De Paula M. 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