{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:54:25Z","timestamp":1791204865991,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786233600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010807","name":"Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VF.21.22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VF.21.22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the therapeutic potential of Ginsenoside Rh2 in mice experimentally infected with\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and to compare the efficacy of two Ginsenoside Rh2 dosing regimens.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty male BALB\/c mice, aged four weeks, were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mice were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone and orally infected with 3\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                      oocysts. Animals were randomly assigned to five groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a010): healthy control (HC), infected control (IC), halofuginone\u2010treated (HAL), low\u2010dose Ginsenoside Rh2 (GIN50) and high\u2010dose Ginsenoside Rh2 (GIN100). Mice were treated for 5 days, and body weights and oocyst counts were recorded at several time points. On Day 18 (T18), mice were euthanized, and intestinal samples were collected for histopathology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The HAL, GIN50 and GIN100 groups showed significant body\u2010weight gains, with the GIN100 group exhibiting the greatest increase from T0 to T18 (16.70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.14\u00a0g to 24.00\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.24\u00a0g,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Oocyst counts decreased significantly in all treated groups over time. In the GIN100 group, oocyst counts decreased from 3.69\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 at T0 to 0.99\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.03 at T5 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and no oocysts were detected at T18. Group\u2010level histopathological assessment showed the least lesion severity in the HAL group, whereas GIN50 and GIN100 showed comparable mild lesion scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ginsenoside Rh2, particularly at 100\u00a0mg\/kg, reduced\n                      <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                      oocyst shedding and improved body\u2010weight recovery in experimentally infected mice. However, its comparative efficacy, safety profile and mechanism of action require further investigation before it can be considered an established alternative treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T16:44:42Z","timestamp":1786293882000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of Ginsenoside Rh2 Treatment in Mice Experimentally Infected With\n                    <i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9329-3038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esengul","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Engin","family":"Balikci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-018-01078-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-9183-9_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life14010080"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22456\/1679-9216.81809"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00076-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401592200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171936"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.01.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-020-01315-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix689"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Loaded Nitazoxanide in the Treatment of Murine Cryptosporidiosis in Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Mice","volume":"3","author":"Hassan Z. 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