{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:36:58Z","timestamp":1791931018864,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp;amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the dairy sector of Bangladesh, subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a substantial and frequently undiagnosed challenge, with reported prevalence rates of 60%\u201377% in cattle and approximately 52% in buffaloes. Due to its complex characteristics and progressive development, efficient diagnosis and management are essential for enhancing dairy productivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This pilot study employed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using Oxford Nanopore's MinION to investigate the milk microbiota of healthy and mastitic cattle and buffalo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 423 clustered nucleotide sequences were identified in the samples, indicating significant taxonomic diversity: 11 phyla, 26 classes, 58 orders, 120 families and 272 genera. Distinct phylum\u2010level patterns were observed, with Firmicutes predominating in healthy milk and a relative increase in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota in mastitic samples. At the genus level,\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      were predominant in mastitic samples, whereas\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      were more prevalent in healthy milk. The results indicate that although overall microbial diversity was relatively consistent across groups, mastitis correlated with alterations in bacterial community composition, with notable differences between cattle and buffalo.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests a potential association between SCM and microbial shifts; however, microbiome profiling cannot yet be recommended for diagnostic application. Clinical applicability requires validation in large\u2010scale studies with individual\u2010level sampling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T09:26:37Z","timestamp":1785921997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characterizing the Milk Microbiome in Subclinical Mastitis: A Pilot 16S rRNA\u2010Based Study in Cattle and Water Buffalo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0055-1895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Habib Ullah","family":"Masum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University  Khulshi Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maksudur Rahman","family":"Nayem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NGS Division DNA Solution Ltd., Bridge Momtaz Heights  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Abdullah","family":"Mahdeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Notre Dame University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumaia","family":"Sultana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Noakhali Science and Technology University  Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2419-7782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abanti","family":"Barua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Noakhali Science and Technology University  Noakhali Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1562-1571"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-013-0455-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.746755"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01931"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks497"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bari M. 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