{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:55:22Z","timestamp":1791204922970,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine &amp; Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Pigeon farming represents an important component of the poultry sector in Bangladesh; however, productivity is frequently constrained by infectious diseases, particularly Newcastle disease (ND).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with different vitamin and mineral combinations on production performance and humoral immune response to ND vaccination in adult pigeons.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Sixteen pairs of 3\u2010month\u2010old Gola pigeons were randomly assigned to four groups: T0 (basal diet, unvaccinated control), T1 (basal diet supplemented with vitamins A, D and E and selenium), T2 (basal diet supplemented with vitamin B\u2010complex) and T3 (basal diet supplemented with vitamins A, D, E and B\u2010complex and selenium). Birds in T1, T2 and T3 were vaccinated against ND, whereas the control group remained unvaccinated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Body weight, feed intake and egg weight were not significantly affected by treatments (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05). However, feed conversion ratio and egg production differed significantly (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05), with higher egg production observed in T1. Hemagglutination inhibition antibody titres differed significantly among groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05), with the highest titre observed in the T1 group (272\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016). Most immune organ weights were unaffected, although thymus length and width increased significantly following supplementation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Dietary supplementation with vitamins and selenium had limited effects on growth performance in adult pigeons. However, supplementation with vitamins A, D and E and selenium was associated with improved egg production and enhanced the humoral immune response to ND vaccination. These findings suggest that targeted vitamin\u2013mineral supplementation may be beneficial for improving reproductive performance and vaccine\u2010induced immunity in pigeons.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.71164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:50:07Z","timestamp":1789519807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Dietary Vitamin and Mineral Combinations on Production Performance and Immune Response in Pigeons"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jesmin","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher\u2010e\u2010Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tayeaba","family":"Jannat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher\u2010e\u2010Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5981-1065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maksuda","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher\u2010e\u2010Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Anowarul Haque","family":"Beg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher\u2010e\u2010Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5113-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Jisan","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher\u2010e\u2010Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8274-5510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Abdul","family":"Masum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher\u2010e\u2010Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"623","article-title":"Tocopherol Supplementation on Stocking Density of Broiler: Effect on Performance Characteristics and Serum Enzymes","volume":"14","author":"Adebiyi O. A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/WPS20030011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Methods for Examination of Poultry Biologics and for Identifying and Quantifying Avian Pathogens","author":"National Research Council, Subcommittee on Avian Diseases","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bjas.v38i1\u20102.9923"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/jaa.1000152"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"An Important Source of Omega\u20103 Fatty Acids, Vitamins D and E, Carotenoids, Iodine and Selenium: A New Natural Multi\u2010Enriched Egg","volume":"10","author":"Bourre J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0670565"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56093\/ijans.v82i12.25667"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoque A. H.Khanom andM. N. I.Chowdhury.2021. \u201cA Study on Pigeon Farming System in Hakimpur Upazila of Dinajpur District in Bangladesh.\u201dICRRD High Index Research Journal2 no.2:13\u201315.","DOI":"10.53272\/icrrd.v2i2.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33552\/AAHDS.2020.02.000532"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"947","article-title":"Nutritional and Management Studies on the Pigeon: Effect of Different Levels of Vitamins and Minerals Premix on Productive and Reproductive Performance","volume":"29","author":"Khashaba H. A. 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